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Volume 11
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Article

The MADS-Box Transcription Factor BoAGL8 Is Involved in Regulating Flowering in Broccoli

by
Yuanyuan Li
1,
Hanbing Yang
1,
Peini Jia
1,
Zairong Li
1,
Yan Wang
1,
Yajie Jiang
1,
Xia He
1,
Boyue Wen
1,
Chensi Huo
1,2,
Wei Zhang
3,
Wenchen Chai
1,2,
Shijiang Yan
1 and
Jing Zhang
1,2,*
1
College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
2
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan 030031, China
3
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2025, 11(10), 1227; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101227
Submission received: 22 August 2025 / Revised: 30 September 2025 / Accepted: 8 October 2025 / Published: 11 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Topic Genetic Breeding and Biotechnology of Garden Plants)
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Abstract

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is a biennial or annual herbaceous plant belonging to the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica of the Cruciferae family. The green flower curd serves as the primary edible organ, with its development and preservation critically determining broccoli yield and quality. Given that these processes are regulated by flowering time, understanding the mechanisms underlying floral transition is essential for enhancing broccoli yield and quality. This study aimed to identify the MADS-box family in broccoli and to investigate the function of the BoAGL8 gene in floral induction. We identified a total of 176 MADS-box genes, of which 54 genes were up-regulated and 50 genes were down-regulated under low-temperature treatment. Notably, the expression of BoAGL8 was up-regulated by 6.70-fold under low-temperature induction, prompting us to select and clone this gene for further analysis. Tissue-specific expression profiling further revealed that BoAGL8 is expressed at relatively high level in both mature and young leaves. After 15 days of low-temperature treatment, BoAGL8 expression in shoot tip was significantly upregulated compared to untreated controls. Subcellular localization analysis showed that BoAGL8 protein was located to the nucleus. Ectopic over-expression of BoAGL8 in Arabidopsis exhibited accelerated bolting and flowering, reduced rosette leaf number, and increased seed yield per plant compared to wild-type plants. Furthermore, compared to wild-type controls, transgenic lines exhibited upregulated expression of AtFT, AtAP1 and AtSEP3, alongside downregulation of SVP expression. The above results indicate that BoAGL8 may play a key regulatory role in the process of floral organ development in broccoli, providing an important theoretical basis for future research on flowering time regulation and breeding in broccoli.
Keywords: Broccoli; MADS-box transcription factor family; BoAGL8; Ectopic over-expression; flowering Broccoli; MADS-box transcription factor family; BoAGL8; Ectopic over-expression; flowering

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Li, Y.; Yang, H.; Jia, P.; Li, Z.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, Y.; He, X.; Wen, B.; Huo, C.; Zhang, W.; et al. The MADS-Box Transcription Factor BoAGL8 Is Involved in Regulating Flowering in Broccoli. Horticulturae 2025, 11, 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101227

AMA Style

Li Y, Yang H, Jia P, Li Z, Wang Y, Jiang Y, He X, Wen B, Huo C, Zhang W, et al. The MADS-Box Transcription Factor BoAGL8 Is Involved in Regulating Flowering in Broccoli. Horticulturae. 2025; 11(10):1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101227

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Yuanyuan, Hanbing Yang, Peini Jia, Zairong Li, Yan Wang, Yajie Jiang, Xia He, Boyue Wen, Chensi Huo, Wei Zhang, and et al. 2025. "The MADS-Box Transcription Factor BoAGL8 Is Involved in Regulating Flowering in Broccoli" Horticulturae 11, no. 10: 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101227

APA Style

Li, Y., Yang, H., Jia, P., Li, Z., Wang, Y., Jiang, Y., He, X., Wen, B., Huo, C., Zhang, W., Chai, W., Yan, S., & Zhang, J. (2025). The MADS-Box Transcription Factor BoAGL8 Is Involved in Regulating Flowering in Broccoli. Horticulturae, 11(10), 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101227

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