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Article

Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Levofloxacin, by the Free and Immobilized Secretome of Coriolopsis gallica

by
Karima Staita
1,2,
Marwa Khmaissa
1,
Imen Akrout
1,2,
Stéphane Greff
3,
Bouthaina Ghariani
1,
Annick Turbé-Doan
2,
Julien Lambert
2,
Anne Lomascolo
2,
Quentin Albert
2,
Craig B. Faulds
2,
Giuliano Sciara
2,
Héla Zouari-Mechichi
1,
Eric Record
2,* and
Tahar Mechichi
1,*
1
Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
2
INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ BBF, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13288 Marseille, France
3
IMBE, UMR 7263, CNRS, IRD, Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Station Marine d’Endoume, Rue de la Batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2024, 10(12), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120861
Submission received: 5 November 2024 / Revised: 9 December 2024 / Accepted: 10 December 2024 / Published: 12 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Fungi in Agriculture and Biotechnology)
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Abstract

Antibiotics play a crucial role in human and animal medical healthcare, but widespread use and overuse of antibiotics poses alarming health and environmental issues. Fluoroquinolones constitute a class of antibiotics that has already become ubiquitous in the environment, and their increasing use and high persistence prompt growing concern. Here we investigated a fungal secretome prepared from the white-rot fungus Coriolopsis gallica, which is able to effectively degrade the environmentally persistent fluoroquinolone, levofloxacin. We tested various physical–chemical factors such as concentrations of 1-hydroxybenzotriazol (HBT), of enzyme, and of antibiotic, and pH and temperature of the reaction for biotransformation of the antibiotic. We compared the free with the immobilized Coriolopsis gallica secretome proteins, and analyzed the collective reaction products for residual activity against E. coli (growth inhibition test). We also performed HPLC analysis. The results show that treatment with the free secretome yielded a highest removal efficiency of 50 mg L−1 levofloxacin in the presence of 2.5 mM HBT, whereas the immobilized secretome was only able to degrade 10 mg L−1 levofloxacin with the same concentration of mediator, but presenting the advantage of being reusable.
Keywords: fluoroquinolone; levofloxacin; Coriolopsis gallica secretome; biotransformation; mediator; alginate immobilization; fungal bioremediation fluoroquinolone; levofloxacin; Coriolopsis gallica secretome; biotransformation; mediator; alginate immobilization; fungal bioremediation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Staita, K.; Khmaissa, M.; Akrout, I.; Greff, S.; Ghariani, B.; Turbé-Doan, A.; Lambert, J.; Lomascolo, A.; Albert, Q.; Faulds, C.B.; et al. Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Levofloxacin, by the Free and Immobilized Secretome of Coriolopsis gallica. J. Fungi 2024, 10, 861. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120861

AMA Style

Staita K, Khmaissa M, Akrout I, Greff S, Ghariani B, Turbé-Doan A, Lambert J, Lomascolo A, Albert Q, Faulds CB, et al. Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Levofloxacin, by the Free and Immobilized Secretome of Coriolopsis gallica. Journal of Fungi. 2024; 10(12):861. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120861

Chicago/Turabian Style

Staita, Karima, Marwa Khmaissa, Imen Akrout, Stéphane Greff, Bouthaina Ghariani, Annick Turbé-Doan, Julien Lambert, Anne Lomascolo, Quentin Albert, Craig B. Faulds, and et al. 2024. "Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Levofloxacin, by the Free and Immobilized Secretome of Coriolopsis gallica" Journal of Fungi 10, no. 12: 861. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120861

APA Style

Staita, K., Khmaissa, M., Akrout, I., Greff, S., Ghariani, B., Turbé-Doan, A., Lambert, J., Lomascolo, A., Albert, Q., Faulds, C. B., Sciara, G., Zouari-Mechichi, H., Record, E., & Mechichi, T. (2024). Biotransformation of the Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic, Levofloxacin, by the Free and Immobilized Secretome of Coriolopsis gallica. Journal of Fungi, 10(12), 861. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120861

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