Importance of Water Transport in Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Aquaporins and Reproduction
2. Molecular Structure, Function, and Location of Aquaporins (AQPs)
3. AQPs in the Female Reproductive Tract
3.1. AQPs in the Ovary
3.2. AQPs in the Vagina and Cervix
3.3. AQPs in the Uterus
3.4. AQPs in the Placenta
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aquaporin | Species | Localization | Analytic Method | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
AQP0 | Horse | Endometrial luminal, glandular epithelial and stromal cells | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [35] |
Rat | Cytoplasm of vaginal epithelia | WB, IHC | [36] | |
AQP1 | Sheep | Endothelium of capillaries under the trophoblast layer of the chorion and maternal capillary endothelium of cotyledons | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [23,37] |
Dog | Vascular endothelia, glandular epithelium of the endometrium, smooth muscle cells of myometrium | WB, IHC | [33,38] | |
Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] | |
Human | Amniotic and chorionic epithelia and villi. Placenta. Uterus. Large, rounded cells of the theca, granulosa cell layer. Capillaries and venules of vagina and cervix. | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46] | |
Rat | Cytoplasm and plasma membrane of myometrium. Capillaries and venules of vaginal lamina propia | WB, IHC | [47,48,49,50] | |
Mouse | Myometrium. Vessel walls of placental labyrinth and yolk sac | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [51,52,53] | |
Cat | Endometrial endothelia, glandular epithelium and myometrium | WB, IHC | [54] | |
Pig | Ovarian, oviductal and uterine capillary epithelium | IHC | [55] | |
AQP2 | Dog | Apical membrane of glandular epithelium of the uterus, smooth muscle cells of myometrium and blood vessel musculature | WB, IHC | [33] |
Horse | Endometrial luminal, glandular epithelial and stromal cells. Cytoplasm of vaginal epithelium | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [35,40] | |
Human | Uterus. Large rounded cells of the theca, granulosa cell layer. Fetal membrane, trophoblastic cells and syncytiotrophoblsts | RT-PCR, IHC | [39,45,46,56] | |
Rat | Superficial layer of vaginal epithelium | WB, IHC | [47] | |
Mouse | Epithelial endometrial cells and myometrium. Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [51,52] | |
Cat | Endometrial cells of luminal and glandular epithelia. Syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts | WB, IHC | [54] | |
AQP3 | Sheep | Apical membrane of trophoblastic cell layer of villous chorion and fetal trophoblastic cell layer within chorionic villi | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [23,37] |
Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] | |
Human | Amiotic and chorionic epithelia and villi. Placenta. Uterus. Granulosa and theca cell layers. Plasma membrane of vaginal epithelium. Squamous cervical epithelia | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [39,40,41,42,43,44,45,57] | |
Rat | Plasma membrane and cytoplasm of vaginal epithelia | WB, IHC | [36] | |
Mouse | Basal cell layers of cervical epithelium. Epithelial cells of endometrium and myometrium. Trophoblastic cells | RT-PCR, Northern hybridation, in situ hybridation, WB, IHC | [51,52,53,58,59] | |
Cat | Endometrial cells of luminal and glandular epithelia. Syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts | WB, IHC | [54] | |
Dog | Apical endometrial cell membrane of glandular epithelium. Placental allantochorion. Yolk sac | IHC | [60] | |
AQP4 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Human | Placenta, chorionic villi and uterus. Granulosa and theca cell layers | RT-PCR, IHC | [39,45,61] | |
Mouse | Apical cell layers and mucus-secreting cervical cell surface. Fetal membranes and placental | RT-PCR, Northern hybridation, in situ hybridation, IHC | [52,58] | |
AQP5 | Dog | Apical membrane of glandular and luminal epithelium of the uterus. Cervical luminal epithelia. Allantochorion cells | WB, IHC | [33,38] |
Horse | Endometrial luminal, glandular epithelial and stromal cells | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [35] | |
Rat | Plasma membrane and cytoplasm of vaginal epithelia. Endometrial luminal epithelial cells. Cytoplasm of oviductal epithelial cells | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [36,49,50,54,62] | |
Mouse | Basal and apical cervical epithelium cells. Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, Northern hybridation, in situ hybridation, IHC | [52,58,59] | |
Pig | Flattened follicle cells of primordial follicles and granulosa cells of developing follicles. Muscle layers and luminal epithelial cells of the oviduct and uterus | IHC | [55] | |
Human | Placenta, chorionic villi and uterus | RT-PCR | [45] | |
AQP6 | Rat | Plasma membrane and cytoplasm of vaginal epithelia | WB, IHC | [36] |
Human | Cytoplasm of vaginal epithelium | WB, IHC | [40] | |
Mouse | Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, IHC | [52] | |
AQP7 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Granulosa cells | ELISA, WB, IHC | [40,63] | |
Mouse | Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, IHC | [52] | |
Human | Placenta and uterus. Cytoplasm of vaginal epithelium | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [45] | |
AQP8 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Cytoplasm of oviductal epithelial cells. Granulosa cells | RT-PCR, ELISA, WB, IHC | [62,63] | |
Mouse | Basal and apical cervical epithelium cells. Stromal endometrial cells and myometrium. Basal component of fetal membranes. Placenta | RT-PCR, Northern hybridation, in situ hybridation, WB, IHC | [51,52,53,58,64,65] | |
Human | Amiotic and chorionic epithelia and villi. Uterus. Squamous cervical epithelia | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [41,42,45,66] | |
Cat | Endometrial cells of luminal and glandular epithelia. Syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts | WB, IHC | [54] | |
Pig | Granulosa cells of developing follicles, oviductal myometrium and glandular and luminal epithelium of the uterus | IHC | [55] | |
Dog | Placental spongy zone and lining cells of amnion and allantoic sac | IHC | [38] | |
Sheep | Trophoblasts | RT-PCR | [37] | |
AQP9 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Apical membrane of oviductal epithelial cells. Granulosa cells | RT-PCR, ELISA, WB, IHC | [62,63] | |
Human | Amiotic and chorionic epithelia and villi. Uterus | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [42,45,57] | |
Mouse | Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, IHC | [52,53] | |
Dog | Syncytiotrophoblasts | IHC | [38] | |
AQP10 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Vagina | WB | [36] | |
AQP11 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Capillaries and venules | WB, IHC | [36] | |
Human | Amiotic and chorionic epithelia and villi. Uterus | RT-PCR, WB, IHC | [42,45,52] | |
AQP12 | Horse | Endometrium | RT-PCR | [35] |
Rat | Vagina | WB | [36] | |
Mouse | Fetal membranes and placenta | RT-PCR, IHC | [43] |
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Ferré-Dolcet, L.; Rivera del Alamo, M.M. Importance of Water Transport in Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010050
Ferré-Dolcet L, Rivera del Alamo MM. Importance of Water Transport in Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(1):50. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010050
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerré-Dolcet, Lluis, and Maria Montserrat Rivera del Alamo. 2023. "Importance of Water Transport in Mammalian Female Reproductive Tract" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 1: 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010050