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Article

Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System

by
Lucia Recinella
1,†,
Maria Loreta Libero
1,†,
Valentina Citi
2,
Annalisa Chiavaroli
1,*,
Alma Martelli
2,3,4,*,
Roberta Foligni
5,
Cinzia Mannozzi
5,
Alessandra Acquaviva
1,6,
Simonetta Di Simone
1,
Vincenzo Calderone
2,3,4,
Giustino Orlando
1,
Claudio Ferrante
1,
Serena Veschi
1,
Anna Piro
1,
Luigi Menghini
1,
Luigi Brunetti
1 and
Sheila Leone
1
1
Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013 Chieti, Italy
2
Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
3
Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
4
CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing of Pisa University, 56126 Pisa, Italy
5
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60121 Ancona, Italy
6
Veridia Italia Srl, Via Piano di Sacco, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Foods 2023, 12(7), 1558; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12071558
Submission received: 21 February 2023 / Revised: 27 March 2023 / Accepted: 30 March 2023 / Published: 6 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Components in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention)
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Abstract

Multiple studies demonstrated biological activities of aged black garlic, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of an aged black garlic water extract (ABGE) alone or in association with multivitamins consisting of combined Vitamins D, C, and B12, on mouse heart specimens exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, we studied the hydrogen sulphide (H2S) releasing properties and the membrane hyperpolarization effect of the Formulation composed by ABGE and multivitamins, using Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells (HASMCs). ABGE, vitamins D and C, and the Formulation suppressed LPS-induced gene expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on mouse heart specimens. The beneficial effects induced by the extract could be related to the pattern of polyphenolic composition, with particular regard to gallic acid and catechin. The Formulation also increased fluorescence values compared to the vehicle, and it caused a significant membrane hyperpolarization of HASMCs compared to ABGE. To conclude, our present findings showed that ABGE, alone and in association with multivitamins, exhibited protective effects on mouse heart. Moreover, the Formulation increased intracellular H2S formation, further suggesting its potential use on cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: aged black garlic; hydrogen sulfide; oxidative stress; inflammation aged black garlic; hydrogen sulfide; oxidative stress; inflammation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Recinella, L.; Libero, M.L.; Citi, V.; Chiavaroli, A.; Martelli, A.; Foligni, R.; Mannozzi, C.; Acquaviva, A.; Di Simone, S.; Calderone, V.; et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System. Foods 2023, 12, 1558. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12071558

AMA Style

Recinella L, Libero ML, Citi V, Chiavaroli A, Martelli A, Foligni R, Mannozzi C, Acquaviva A, Di Simone S, Calderone V, et al. Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System. Foods. 2023; 12(7):1558. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12071558

Chicago/Turabian Style

Recinella, Lucia, Maria Loreta Libero, Valentina Citi, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Alma Martelli, Roberta Foligni, Cinzia Mannozzi, Alessandra Acquaviva, Simonetta Di Simone, Vincenzo Calderone, and et al. 2023. "Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System" Foods 12, no. 7: 1558. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12071558

APA Style

Recinella, L., Libero, M. L., Citi, V., Chiavaroli, A., Martelli, A., Foligni, R., Mannozzi, C., Acquaviva, A., Di Simone, S., Calderone, V., Orlando, G., Ferrante, C., Veschi, S., Piro, A., Menghini, L., Brunetti, L., & Leone, S. (2023). Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System. Foods, 12(7), 1558. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12071558

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