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Volume 11
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10.3390/foods11050725
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Article

Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

by
Kunling Lv
1,2,†,
Qingxia Yuan
2,†,
Hong Li
2,
Tingting Li
2,
Haiqiong Ma
2,
Chenghai Gao
2,
Siyuan Zhang
1,*,
Yonghong Liu
2 and
Longyan Zhao
2,*
1
College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2
Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Foods 2022, 11(5), 725; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050725
Submission received: 27 January 2022 / Revised: 14 February 2022 / Accepted: 14 February 2022 / Published: 1 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Benefits of Dietary Polysaccharides on Metabolic Disorders via Regulating Gut Microbiota)
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the prebiotic potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa polysaccharides to provide useful information for developing C. pyrenoidosa as a green healthy food. C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were prepared and their physicochemical characteristics were determined. The digestibility and fermentation characteristics of C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were evaluated using in vitro models. The results revealed that C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were composed of five non-starch polysaccharide fractions with monosaccharide compositions of Man, Rib, Rha, GlcA, Glc, Gal, Xyl and Ara. C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides could not be degraded under saliva and the gastrointestinal conditions. However, the molecular weight and contents of residual carbohydrates and reducing sugars of C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were significantly reduced after fecal fermentation at a moderate speed. Notably, C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides could remarkably modulate gut microbiota, including the promotion of beneficial bacteria, inhibition of growth of harmful bacteria, and reduction of the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Intriguingly, C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides can promote growth of Parabacteroides distasonis and increase short-chain fatty acid contents, thereby probably contributing to the promotion of intestinal health and prevention of diseases. Thus, these results suggested that C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides had prebiotic functions with different fermentation characteristics compared with conventional prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharide, and they may be a new prebiotic for improving human health.
Keywords: Chlorella pyrenoidosa; polysaccharides; fermentation; gut microbiota; prebiotic Chlorella pyrenoidosa; polysaccharides; fermentation; gut microbiota; prebiotic

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lv, K.; Yuan, Q.; Li, H.; Li, T.; Ma, H.; Gao, C.; Zhang, S.; Liu, Y.; Zhao, L. Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro. Foods 2022, 11, 725. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050725

AMA Style

Lv K, Yuan Q, Li H, Li T, Ma H, Gao C, Zhang S, Liu Y, Zhao L. Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro. Foods. 2022; 11(5):725. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050725

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lv, Kunling, Qingxia Yuan, Hong Li, Tingting Li, Haiqiong Ma, Chenghai Gao, Siyuan Zhang, Yonghong Liu, and Longyan Zhao. 2022. "Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro" Foods 11, no. 5: 725. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050725

APA Style

Lv, K., Yuan, Q., Li, H., Li, T., Ma, H., Gao, C., Zhang, S., Liu, Y., & Zhao, L. (2022). Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro. Foods, 11(5), 725. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11050725

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