A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections

Zhuang, Hongru; Wang, Yanfei; Dai, Caihong; Li, Ling; Wu, Zhifeng; Pan, Jiang

doi:10.3390/photonics12080788

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A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections

by

Hongru Zhuang

^1,2,

Yanfei Wang

^2,*,

Caihong Dai

²

,

Ling Li

²,

Zhifeng Wu

² and

Jiang Pan

¹

College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310000, China

²

Division of Optical Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Photonics 2025, 12(8), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080788 (registering DOI)

Submission received: 27 May 2025 / Revised: 24 July 2025 / Accepted: 26 July 2025 / Published: 4 August 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Light-Emitting Diodes: Technology, Advances, Challenges and Applications)

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Abstract

Accurately simulating the asymmetric spectral profiles of blue LEDs is crucial for photobiological research, yet it remains a challenge for traditional symmetric models. This study proposes a novel spectral simulation model that effectively captures these asymmetries. The proposed model structure is partly motivated by known broadening and dispersion mechanisms observed in real LED spectra; it employs a ‘base model + correction’ framework, where an Exponentially Modified Gaussian (EMG) function captures the primary spectral shape and falling edge and an Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt (APV) function corrects the deviations on the rising edge. Requiring only the central wavelength and bandwidth as user inputs, the simulation results exhibit a high degree of agreement with the experimental data spectra. The model provides a rapid and robust tool for pre-evaluating light sources against regulatory criteria (e.g., >99% of the spectral intensity is in the 400–500 nm band), thereby enhancing the efficiency of experimental design in blue light protection studies.

Keywords: blue LED; spectral simulation model; asymmetric spectral profiles; Exponentially Modified Gaussian; Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhuang, H.; Wang, Y.; Dai, C.; Li, L.; Wu, Z.; Pan, J. A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections. Photonics 2025, 12, 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080788

AMA Style

Zhuang H, Wang Y, Dai C, Li L, Wu Z, Pan J. A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections. Photonics. 2025; 12(8):788. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080788

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhuang, Hongru, Yanfei Wang, Caihong Dai, Ling Li, Zhifeng Wu, and Jiang Pan. 2025. "A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections" Photonics 12, no. 8: 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080788

APA Style

Zhuang, H., Wang, Y., Dai, C., Li, L., Wu, Z., & Pan, J. (2025). A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections. Photonics, 12(8), 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12080788

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A Blue LED Spectral Simulation Method Using Exponentially Modified Gaussian Functions with Superimposed Asymmetric Pseudo-Voigt Corrections

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