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Article

Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies during Walking in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial

by
Hamza Ferhi
1,*,
Sabri Gaied Chortane
1,
Sylvain Durand
2,
Bruno Beaune
2,
Sébastien Boyas
2 and
Wael Maktouf
3
1
Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) « Sport Performance, Health & Society », Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
2
Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (UR 4334), Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Le Mans University, 72000 Le Mans, France
3
Bioengineering, Tissues and Neuroplasticity, UR 7377, Faculty of Health, University of Paris-Est Créteil, 8 rue du Général Sarrail, 94010 Créteil, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2023, 11(16), 2294; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162294
Submission received: 9 June 2023 / Revised: 30 July 2023 / Accepted: 7 August 2023 / Published: 14 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise as Medicine in Chronic Conditions)
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Abstract

The potential impact of a specific physical activity program on biomechanical gait parameters and neuromuscular strategies around the ankle joint in older adults with sarcopenic obesity (SO) remains largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a 24-week posture, strengthening, and motricity (PSM) program on improving neuromuscular strategies and biomechanical gait parameters in older adults with SO. 40 participants were randomly assigned to either the trained group (TG) and the control group (CG). Only the TG received the PSM program. Standardized evaluations were performed before and after the intervention, including walking tests on an instrumented gait analysis treadmill to evaluate biomechanical gait parameters and EMG activity of ankle muscles. After the PSM program, TG exhibited an increase in comfortable walking speed (+80%, p < 0.001) and step length (+38%, p < 0.05). Moreover, TG demonstrated a reduction in CoP velocity (−26%, p < 0.01). These gait modifications were associated with decreased muscle activity during the different gait phases (p < 0.05). The PSM program effectively improved gait and neuromuscular capacities in older adults with SO. Notably, these results shed light on the remarkable trainability of neuromuscular capacities in older adults with SO, despite the adverse effects of aging and obesity.
Keywords: age; obesity; gait; physical activity; neuromuscular system; sarcopenia age; obesity; gait; physical activity; neuromuscular system; sarcopenia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ferhi, H.; Gaied Chortane, S.; Durand, S.; Beaune, B.; Boyas, S.; Maktouf, W. Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies during Walking in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare 2023, 11, 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162294

AMA Style

Ferhi H, Gaied Chortane S, Durand S, Beaune B, Boyas S, Maktouf W. Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies during Walking in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare. 2023; 11(16):2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162294

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferhi, Hamza, Sabri Gaied Chortane, Sylvain Durand, Bruno Beaune, Sébastien Boyas, and Wael Maktouf. 2023. "Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies during Walking in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial" Healthcare 11, no. 16: 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162294

APA Style

Ferhi, H., Gaied Chortane, S., Durand, S., Beaune, B., Boyas, S., & Maktouf, W. (2023). Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies during Walking in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare, 11(16), 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162294

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