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Volume 9
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10.3390/plants9111502
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Article

Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions

by
Muthusamy Muthusamy
1,†,
Jong Hee Kim
1,2,†,
Suk Hee Kim
1,
Joo Yeol Kim
1,
Jeong Wook Heo
3,
HanGyeol Lee
4,
Kwang-Sik Lee
4,
Woo Duck Seo
4,
Soyoung Park
1,
Jin A Kim
1 and
Soo In Lee
1,*
1
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea
2
Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyung National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
3
Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea
4
Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2020, 9(11), 1502; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111502
Submission received: 24 September 2020 / Revised: 4 November 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 / Published: 6 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effects of LED Light Spectra and Intensities on Plant Growth)
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Abstract

The spectral quality and intensity of light, photoperiodism, and other environmental factors have profound impacts on the metabolic composition of light-dependent higher plants. Hence, we investigate the effects of fluorescent light (96 μmol m−2s−1) and white (100 μmol m−2s−1), blue (100 μmol m−2s−1), and red (93 μmol m−2s−1) light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiation on the C-glycosylflavone and policosanol contents in young seedlings of wheat and barley. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses of C-glycosylflavone contents in barley reveal that the saponarin content is significantly enhanced under blue LED light irradiation. Under similar conditions, isoorientin and isoschaftoside contents are improved in wheat seedlings. The contents of these C-glycosylflavones differed along with the light quality and growth period. The highest accumulation was observed in sprouts after three days under blue LED light irradiation. GC/MS analyses of policosanol contents showed that 1-hexacosanol (C26:o–OH) in barley and 1-octacosanol (C28:o–OH) in wheat seedlings were reduced under LED light irradiation, compared to seedlings under fluorescent light conditions. Nonetheless, the policosanol contents gradually improved with the extension of growth times and treatments, irrespective of the light quality. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between the expression pattern of biosynthesis-related genes and the respective metabolite content in barley. This study demonstrates that blue LED light irradiation is useful in maximizing the C-glycosylflavone content in barley and wheat sprouts.
Keywords: saponarin; isoorientin; hexacosanol; octacosanol; fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR) saponarin; isoorientin; hexacosanol; octacosanol; fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Muthusamy, M.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, S.H.; Kim, J.Y.; Heo, J.W.; Lee, H.; Lee, K.-S.; Seo, W.D.; Park, S.; Kim, J.A.; et al. Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions. Plants 2020, 9, 1502. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111502

AMA Style

Muthusamy M, Kim JH, Kim SH, Kim JY, Heo JW, Lee H, Lee K-S, Seo WD, Park S, Kim JA, et al. Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions. Plants. 2020; 9(11):1502. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111502

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muthusamy, Muthusamy, Jong Hee Kim, Suk Hee Kim, Joo Yeol Kim, Jeong Wook Heo, HanGyeol Lee, Kwang-Sik Lee, Woo Duck Seo, Soyoung Park, Jin A Kim, and et al. 2020. "Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions" Plants 9, no. 11: 1502. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111502

APA Style

Muthusamy, M., Kim, J. H., Kim, S. H., Kim, J. Y., Heo, J. W., Lee, H., Lee, K.-S., Seo, W. D., Park, S., Kim, J. A., & Lee, S. I. (2020). Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions. Plants, 9(11), 1502. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111502

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