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Volume 14
Issue 20
10.3390/plants14203130
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Chitinases as Putative Defense-Related Proteins Against Fungi in the Genomes of Coffea arabica and Its Progenitors

by
Fernanda Rodrigues Silva
1,2,*,
Mario Lucio V. de Resende
1,
Katia V. Xavier
2,
Jeremy T. Brawner
3 and
Mariana de Lima Santos
1
1
Department of Chemistry/Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
2
Department of Plant Pathology, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430, USA
3
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 2550 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2025, 14(20), 3130; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203130
Submission received: 21 July 2025 / Revised: 23 September 2025 / Accepted: 1 October 2025 / Published: 10 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics in Modern Plant Science)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Chitinases have been demonstrated to enhance plant resistance to fungi in various pathosystems. Although there is evidence of the effectiveness of these proteins in coffee–fungus interactions, no genome-wide identification or characterization of coffee chitinases has been performed. In this study, we employed phylogenetic analysis, domain architecture, gene structure analysis, and subcellular localization to identify and characterize putative genes and proteins in the genomes of Coffea arabica and its progenitors, Coffea canephora and Coffea eugenioides. A total of 113, 47, and 69 putative chitinase proteins were identified in C. arabica, C. canephora, and C. eugenioides, respectively. These chitinases were classified according to their catalytic domains, GH18 and GH19, and into Classes I, II, III, IV, and V, as determined through phylogenetic analysis based on the Arabidopsis thaliana classification. Furthermore, based on orthologous analysis, we identified ten, six, and seven putative chitinases associated with fungal defense responses in C. arabica, C. canephora, and C. eugenioides, respectively. These findings are valuable for future studies focusing on coffee chitinases, particularly on genetic programs involved in plant pathogen resistance.
Keywords: fungal resistance; Coffea arabica; Coffea canephora; Coffea eugenioides; molecular characterization fungal resistance; Coffea arabica; Coffea canephora; Coffea eugenioides; molecular characterization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Silva, F.R.; Resende, M.L.V.d.; Xavier, K.V.; Brawner, J.T.; Santos, M.d.L. Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Chitinases as Putative Defense-Related Proteins Against Fungi in the Genomes of Coffea arabica and Its Progenitors. Plants 2025, 14, 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203130

AMA Style

Silva FR, Resende MLVd, Xavier KV, Brawner JT, Santos MdL. Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Chitinases as Putative Defense-Related Proteins Against Fungi in the Genomes of Coffea arabica and Its Progenitors. Plants. 2025; 14(20):3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203130

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silva, Fernanda Rodrigues, Mario Lucio V. de Resende, Katia V. Xavier, Jeremy T. Brawner, and Mariana de Lima Santos. 2025. "Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Chitinases as Putative Defense-Related Proteins Against Fungi in the Genomes of Coffea arabica and Its Progenitors" Plants 14, no. 20: 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203130

APA Style

Silva, F. R., Resende, M. L. V. d., Xavier, K. V., Brawner, J. T., & Santos, M. d. L. (2025). Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Chitinases as Putative Defense-Related Proteins Against Fungi in the Genomes of Coffea arabica and Its Progenitors. Plants, 14(20), 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14203130

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