Ethnobotanical Research and Compilation of the Medicinal Uses in Spain and the Active Principles of Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr. for the Scientific Validation of Its Therapeutic Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Description of Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr.
2.2. Compilation of the Medicinal Uses of Chiliadenus glutinosus
2.2.1. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Circulatory System
2.2.2. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Digestive System
2.2.3. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Genitourinary System
2.2.4. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Locomotor System
2.2.5. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Nervous System
2.2.6. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Respiratory System
2.2.7. Medicinal Uses Applied to the Human Integumentary System
2.3. Validation of the Pharmacological Effects of Chiliadenus glutinosus
2.3.1. Phytochemicals from Chiliadenus glutinosus
2.3.2. Experimental Studies on the Biological Activity of Phytochemicals Present in Chiliadenus glutinosus
2.3.3. In Silico Modeling for the Prediction of Bioactive Compound Targets
Camphor
Borneol
Glutinone
Quercetin
Kaempferol
3. Discussion
3.1. Circulatory System
3.2. Digestive System
3.3. Genito-Urinary System
3.4. Locomotor System
3.5. Nervous System
3.6. Respiratory System
3.7. Integumentary System
3.8. Other Biological Activities of Interest Present in the Selected Compounds.
4. Material and Methods
4.1. Sources of Information
4.2. Distribution: Data Collection and Mapping
4.3. Validation Methodology
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Raise blood pressure | Infusion | Internal | Catalonia [17] |
Lower blood pressure | Andalusia [17,32] | ||
Give fluidity to the blood | Aragon [17] Castilla-La Mancha [17] Andalusia [33] | ||
Purify the blood | Navarre [34] | ||
Anemia | Region of Murcia [35] | ||
Improve circulation | Region of Murcia [35] Andalusia [33] | ||
Weak heart | Castilla-La Mancha [17] | ||
Heart ailments | Andalusia [33] | ||
Varicose veins | Castilla-La Mancha [17] | ||
Relieve leg swelling | Infusion | Valencian Community [1] | |
Decoction | Region of Murcia [17,35] |
Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Digestive | Macerate in anise | Internal | Navarre [34] |
Catalonia [1] | |||
Infusion | Catalonia [36] Aragon [18,37] Navarre [38,39,40] Basque Country [22,41,42] La Rioja [43] Castile and Leon [44] Valencian Community [45,46,47,48] Castilla-La Mancha [49,50] Andalusia [33,51,52] Cantabria [53] | ||
Diarrhea | Infusion | Aragon [54] Navarre [40] Basque Country [22,41,42] Valencian Community [1,45,46,47] Andalusia [17] | |
Appendicitis | Aragon [54] | ||
Stomach ache | Navarre [34,55] Basque Country [22,41,42] Valencian Community [45,46,47] Community of Madrid [56] Castilla-La Mancha [57] | ||
Stomach ulcers | Region of Murcia [35] Castilla-La Mancha [58] Andalusia [17,33] | ||
Gasses | Valencian Community [1,46] Andalusia [33] | ||
Indigestion or heaviness | Region of Murcia [35] | ||
Stimulate the appetite | Valencian Community [47] Region of Murcia [35] | ||
Digestive problems or indisposition (in general) | Aragon [54,59] Valencian Community [47,48] Region of Murcia [35] Balearic Islands [23] Castilla-La Mancha [49,57,58] Andalusia [21,32] | ||
Help to vomit | Infusion (high doses) | Valencian Community [1] |
Remedy or use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Diuretic | Infusion | Internal | Region of Murcia [17] Castilla-La Mancha [17,58] Cantabria [53] |
Kidney pain | Region of Murcia [17] Castilla-La Mancha [17,58] | ||
Kidney stones | Region of Murcia [17] Castilla-La Mancha [17,58] | ||
Kidney diseases (in general) | Region of Murcia [35] | ||
Improve the kidney | Andalusia [33] |
Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Rheumatism/bone pain | Cocimiento | External (baths) | Andalusia [33] |
Macerated in alcohol | External (rubbing) | Region of Murcia [35] | |
Fatigue | Infusion | Internal | Castilla-La Mancha [57,58] |
Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
The nerves | Infusion | Internal | Catalonia [1] Valencian Community [45] Castilla-La Mancha [1] |
Lift mood | Navarre [34,55] | ||
Clear the mind | Navarre [34,55] | ||
Headache | Navarre [60] Castilla-La Mancha [49] Andalusia [32] |
Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Colds and flu | Infusion/decoction | Internal | Catalonia [17,36,61] Aragon [54] Navarre [34,39] Valencian Community [45,47] Region of Murcia [17] Castilla-La Mancha [50,58] Andalusia [32,33] Cantabria [53] |
Sore throats | Catalonia [17] Region of Murcia [17] Andalusia [33] | ||
Bronchial ailments (bronchitis) | Decoction | Andalusia [33] | |
Infusion | Castilla-La Mancha [17] | ||
Asthmatic processes | Infusion | Castilla-La Mancha [17] | |
Asthmatic processes (bronchodilator) | Decoction vapors | Castilla-La Mancha [17,57,58] | |
Respiratory infections (in general) | Infusion/decoction | Balearic Islands [23] |
Remedy or Use | Form of Employment | Administration | Autonomous Community |
---|---|---|---|
Skin pimples | Poultice (fresh leaves) | External | Navarre [34] |
Disinfect wounds/bruises | Washings (infusion) | Region of Murcia [35] | |
Washings (decoction) | |||
Ointment | Castilla-La Mancha [17] | ||
Insect bites | Decoction | Castilla-La Mancha [57] | |
Skin burns | Plaster | Castilla-La Mancha [57] | |
Decoction | Castilla-La Mancha [57] | ||
Anti-inflammatory for wounds | Infusion/Decoction | Andalusia [32] |
Chemical Group | Phytochemical | Biological Activity |
---|---|---|
Monoterpenes | Camphor | Anti-inflammatory [69] Antihypotensive [70,71] Antioxidant [72] Antibacterial [72] Antiparasitic [25] Topical vasodilator [73] |
Borneol | Anti-inflammatory [69,74] Antioxidant [25,72] Antibacterial [72,75] Antifungal [72,75] Antinociceptive [74] Topical analgesic [76] Neuroprotective [72] Antispasmodic [77] Choleretic [75] Tranquilizer [75] Anticoagulant [78] Antiparasitic [25] | |
Sesquiterpenes | Lucinone | Anti-inflammatory [25] |
Glutinone | Anti-inflammatory [25] | |
Kutdtriol | Anti-inflammatory [25] Antiparasitic [25] | |
Flavonols | Quercetin | Antioxidant [79,80,81,82,83,84] Anti-inflammatory [82,83,85] Antiviral [85] Spasmolytic [25,86,87] Antithrombotic [88,89] Antipathogenic [85,90] Antidiabetic [91] Antidiarrheal [92] Antihypertensive [86] |
Kaempferol | Antioxidant [25,80,83,93,94] Anti-inflammatory [83,95,96] Spasmolytic [25] Antidiabetic [91] Anticancer [96,97,98,99] Cardioprotective [83,97] Osteoprotective [100] Relaxing [101] |
Target | Common Name | Uniprot ID | ChEMBL ID | Target Class | Probability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (by homology) | NR1I3 | Q14994 | CHEMBL5503 | Nuclear receptor | 0.2 |
Cytochrome P450 19A1 | CYP19A1 | P11511 | CHEMBL1978 | Cytochrome P450 | 0.19 |
Carbonic anhydrase II | CA2 | P00918 | CHEMBL205 | Lyase | 0.15 |
Carbonic anhydrase I | CA1 | P00915 | CHEMBL261 | Lyase | 0.15 |
Carbonic anhydrase IV | CA4 | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 | Lyase | 0.15 |
Androgen Receptor | AR | P10275 | CHEMBL1871 | Nuclear receptor | 0.10 |
Target | Common Name | Uniprot ID | ChEMBL ID | Target Class | Probability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbonic anhydrase II | CA2 | P00918 | CHEMBL205 | Lyase | 0.36 |
Carbonic anhydrase I | CA1 | P00915 | CHEMBL261 | Lyase | 0.36 |
Carbonic anhydrase IV | CA4 | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 | Lyase | 0.36 |
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 | TRPM8 | Q7Z2W7 | CHEMBL1075319 | Voltage-gated ion channel | 0.31 |
Target | Common Name | Uniprot ID | ChEMBL ID | Target Class | Probability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cyclooxygenase-1 | PTGS1 | P23219 | CHEMBL221 | Oxidoreductase | 1 |
Cytochrome P450 19A1 | CYP19A1 | P11511 | CHEMBL1978 | Cytochrome P450 | 0.54 |
Cathepsin D | CTSD | P07339 | CHEMBL2581 | Protease | 0.23 |
Target | Common Name | Uniprot ID | ChEMBL ID | Target Class | Probability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NADPH oxidase 4 | NOX4 | Q9NPH5 | CHEMBL1250375 | Enzyme | 1 |
Vasopressin V2 receptor | AVPR2 | P30518 | CHEMBL1790 | Family A G protein-coupled receptor | 1 |
Aldose reductase | AKR1B1 | P15121 | CHEMBL1900 | Enzyme | 1 |
Xanthine dehydrogenase | XDH | P47989 | CHEMBL1929 | Oxidoreductase | 1 |
Monoamine oxidase A | MAOA | P21397 | CHEMBL1951 | Oxidoreductase | 1 |
Insulin-like growth factor I receptor | IGF1R | P08069 | CHEMBL1957 | Kinase | 1 |
Target | Common Name | Uniprot ID | ChEMBL ID | Target Class | Probability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NADPH oxidase 4 | NOX4 | Q9NPH5 | CHEMBL1250375 | Enzyme | 1 |
Aldose reductase (by homology) | AKR1B1 | P15121 | CHEMBL1900 | Enzyme | 1 |
Xanthine dehydrogenase | XDH | P47989 | CHEMBL1929 | Oxidoreductase | 1 |
Tyrosinase | TYR | P14679 | CHEMBL1973 | Oxidoreductase | 1 |
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT3 | FLT3 | P36888 | CHEMBL1974 | Kinase | 1 |
Carbonic anhydrase II | CA2 | P00918 | CHEMBL205 | Lyase | 1 |
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Las Heras Etayo, N.; Llamas, F.; Acedo, C. Ethnobotanical Research and Compilation of the Medicinal Uses in Spain and the Active Principles of Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr. for the Scientific Validation of Its Therapeutic Properties. Plants 2021, 10, 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030584
Las Heras Etayo N, Llamas F, Acedo C. Ethnobotanical Research and Compilation of the Medicinal Uses in Spain and the Active Principles of Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr. for the Scientific Validation of Its Therapeutic Properties. Plants. 2021; 10(3):584. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030584
Chicago/Turabian StyleLas Heras Etayo, Nadia, Félix Llamas, and Carmen Acedo. 2021. "Ethnobotanical Research and Compilation of the Medicinal Uses in Spain and the Active Principles of Chiliadenus glutinosus (L.) Fourr. for the Scientific Validation of Its Therapeutic Properties" Plants 10, no. 3: 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030584