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Biomolecules
Volume 9
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10.3390/biom9120871
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Article

Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Tumorigenesis via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

by
Amria M. Mousa
1,
Nermin M. El-Sammad
1,
Abeer H. Abdel-Halim
1,
Nayera Anwar
2,
Wagdy K. B. Khalil
3,
Mahmoud Nawwar
4,
Amani N. Hashim
4,
Elsayed A. Elsayed
5,6,* and
Sherien K. Hassan
1
1
Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
2
Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 12796, Egypt
3
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
4
Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
5
Zoology Department, Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
6
Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomolecules 2019, 9(12), 871; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120871
Submission received: 2 November 2019 / Revised: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 6 December 2019 / Published: 12 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antitumor Agents from Natural Sources)
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Abstract

One of the major etiological factors that account for lung cancer is tobacco use. Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], one of the main constituents of tobacco smoke, has a key role in lung carcinogenesis. The present study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxicity of an aqueous ethanolic extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers leaves (LLE) on human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), as well as its in vivo antitumor effect on a lung tumorigenesis mice model. Our results revealed that LLE possesses cytotoxic activity against the A549 cell line. Mice orally administered B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) showed an increase in relative lung weight with subsequent decrease in final body weight. Serum levels of tumor marker enzymes AHH, ADA and LDH and the inflammatory mediator NF-κB increased, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased. In addition, we observed the increased activity of metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-12) and levels of the tumor angiogenesis marker VEFG and the lipid peroxidation marker MDA, as well as decreased levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidant GSH and enzymatic antioxidants CAT and GSH-Px in lung tissues. Moreover, B(a)P administration up-regulated the expression of the COX-2 gene, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and an anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, and at the same time down-regulated expression of pro-apoptotic genes BAX and caspase-3 and the p53 gene. Pre- and post-treatment with LLE (250 mg/kg body weight) attenuated all these abnormalities. Histopathological observations verified the protective effect of LLE. Overall, the present data positively confirm the potent antitumor effect of L. speciosa leaves against lung tumorigenesis.
Keywords: benzo(a)pyrene; lung cancer; Lagerstroemia speciosa; oxidative stress; inflammation; apoptosis benzo(a)pyrene; lung cancer; Lagerstroemia speciosa; oxidative stress; inflammation; apoptosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mousa, A.M.; El-Sammad, N.M.; Abdel-Halim, A.H.; Anwar, N.; Khalil, W.K.B.; Nawwar, M.; Hashim, A.N.; Elsayed, E.A.; Hassan, S.K. Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Tumorigenesis via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120871

AMA Style

Mousa AM, El-Sammad NM, Abdel-Halim AH, Anwar N, Khalil WKB, Nawwar M, Hashim AN, Elsayed EA, Hassan SK. Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Tumorigenesis via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis. Biomolecules. 2019; 9(12):871. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120871

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mousa, Amria M., Nermin M. El-Sammad, Abeer H. Abdel-Halim, Nayera Anwar, Wagdy K. B. Khalil, Mahmoud Nawwar, Amani N. Hashim, Elsayed A. Elsayed, and Sherien K. Hassan. 2019. "Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Tumorigenesis via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis" Biomolecules 9, no. 12: 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120871

APA Style

Mousa, A. M., El-Sammad, N. M., Abdel-Halim, A. H., Anwar, N., Khalil, W. K. B., Nawwar, M., Hashim, A. N., Elsayed, E. A., & Hassan, S. K. (2019). Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Tumorigenesis via Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis. Biomolecules, 9(12), 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120871

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