Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Important Aspects of Bone Structure and Metabolism for Tissue Engineering
2.1. Bone Cells and Their Role in Bone Metabolism
2.2. Bone Remodeling and Fracture Healing
2.3. Angiogenesis in Bone Transplants
3. Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
3.1. Polysaccharide Scaffolds
3.2. Polysaccharide-Based Hybrid Scaffolds
3.2.1. Calcium Phosphate Hybrids
3.2.2. Miscellaneous Additives
4. Future Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | Abbreviation | Formula/Description | Ca/P Ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Hydroxyapatite | HA | Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 | 1.67 |
Tricalciumphosphate | TCP | Ca3(PO4)2 | 1.50 |
Brushite | - | CaHPO4·2H2O | 1.00 |
Calcium-deficient HA | CDHA | Ca10-x(HPO4)x(PO4)6-x(OH)2-x | <1.67 |
Whitlockite | WH | Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12 | 1.29 |
Biphasic calcium phosphate | BCP | Mixture of HA & TCP | - |
Calcium phosphate cement | CPC | Mixture of multiple CaPs | - |
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Witzler, M.; Büchner, D.; Shoushrah, S.H.; Babczyk, P.; Baranova, J.; Witzleben, S.; Tobiasch, E.; Schulze, M. Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 840. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120840
Witzler M, Büchner D, Shoushrah SH, Babczyk P, Baranova J, Witzleben S, Tobiasch E, Schulze M. Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration. Biomolecules. 2019; 9(12):840. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120840
Chicago/Turabian StyleWitzler, Markus, Dominik Büchner, Sarah Hani Shoushrah, Patrick Babczyk, Juliana Baranova, Steffen Witzleben, Edda Tobiasch, and Margit Schulze. 2019. "Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration" Biomolecules 9, no. 12: 840. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120840
APA StyleWitzler, M., Büchner, D., Shoushrah, S. H., Babczyk, P., Baranova, J., Witzleben, S., Tobiasch, E., & Schulze, M. (2019). Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration. Biomolecules, 9(12), 840. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9120840