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Volume 9
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Article

Multichannel Biphasic Muscle Stimulation System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation

by
Tyler Ward
1,*,
Neil Grabham
1,
Chris Freeman
1,
Yang Wei
1,†,
Ann-Marie Hughes
2,
Conor Power
2,
John Tudor
1 and
Kai Yang
1
1
School of Electronics and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
2
Health Sciences, Faculty of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Department of Engineering at Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK.
Electronics 2020, 9(7), 1156; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071156
Submission received: 30 June 2020 / Revised: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 / Published: 17 July 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Application of Biomedical Circuits and Systems)
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Abstract

We present biphasic stimulator electronics developed for a wearable functional electrical stimulation system. The reported stimulator electronics consist of a twenty four channel biphasic stimulator. The stimulator circuitry is physically smaller per channel and offers a greater degree of control over stimulation parameters than existing functional electrical stimulator systems. The design achieves this by using, off the shelf multichannel high voltage switch integrated circuits combined with discrete current limiting and dc blocking circuitry for the frontend, and field programmable gate array based logic to manage pulse timing. The system has been tested on both healthy adults and those with reduced upper limb function following a stroke. Initial testing on healthy users has shown the stimulator can reliably generate specific target gestures such as palm opening or pointing with an average accuracy of better than 4 degrees across all gestures. Tests on stroke survivors produced some movement but this was limited by the mechanical movement available in those users’ hands.
Keywords: electrode array; functional electrical stimulation; rehabilitation electrode array; functional electrical stimulation; rehabilitation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ward, T.; Grabham, N.; Freeman, C.; Wei, Y.; Hughes, A.-M.; Power, C.; Tudor, J.; Yang, K. Multichannel Biphasic Muscle Stimulation System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation. Electronics 2020, 9, 1156. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071156

AMA Style

Ward T, Grabham N, Freeman C, Wei Y, Hughes A-M, Power C, Tudor J, Yang K. Multichannel Biphasic Muscle Stimulation System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation. Electronics. 2020; 9(7):1156. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071156

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ward, Tyler, Neil Grabham, Chris Freeman, Yang Wei, Ann-Marie Hughes, Conor Power, John Tudor, and Kai Yang. 2020. "Multichannel Biphasic Muscle Stimulation System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation" Electronics 9, no. 7: 1156. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071156

APA Style

Ward, T., Grabham, N., Freeman, C., Wei, Y., Hughes, A.-M., Power, C., Tudor, J., & Yang, K. (2020). Multichannel Biphasic Muscle Stimulation System for Post Stroke Rehabilitation. Electronics, 9(7), 1156. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071156

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