Inverted-L Shaped Wideband MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Unit Element
3. Element MIMO Design (Case 1)
4. Element MIMO Design (Case 2)
5. Fabrication and Measurement of Case 1 (Three-Element) and Case 2 (Four-Element) Connected Ground Antenna
6. MIMO Diversity Analysis
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ref | Frequency (GHz) | Ports/Ground | Unit Cell Dimension (mm2) | Gain (dBi) | Efficiency (%) | Isolation (dB) | ECC | Material |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[18] | 28 | Two/Connected | 33 × 27.5 | 6.9 | - | >30 | -- | TLY-5 |
[19] | 26.65–29.2; 36–42 | Two/Separate | 26 × 11 | 5 | 99.5, 98.6 | >25 | <0.002 | Rogers 5880 |
[21] | 28 | Four/Connected | 30 × 30 | 6.1 | 92 | 29 | <0.16 | Rogers 5880 |
[20] | 28 | Four/Connected | 48 × 31 | 10 | - | >21 | <0.0015 | Neltec |
[22] | 27.6–28.6; 37.4–38.6 | Four/Connected | 20 × 24 | 7.9 | >85 | >28 | <0.001 | Rogers 5880 |
[23] | 24.10–27.18; 33–44.13 | Four/Connected | 24 × 20 | 3 | >80 | >16 | <0.1 | Plexiglass |
[24] | 25.5–29.6 | Four/Connected | 30 × 35 | 8.3 | - | >15 | <0.01 | Rogers R04350B |
[25] | 27.5–29 | Four/Connected | 25 × 15 | 7.8 | 95 | >17 | <0.0001 | Rogers 5880 |
[26] | 25.1–37.5 | Four/Separate | 12.7 × 12 | 5 | 80 | >22 | <0.1 | Rogers 5880 |
Proposed Three-Element | 26–40 | Three/Connected | 15 × 15 | >5 | >70 | >20 | <0.01 | Duroid5880 |
Proposed Four-Element | 26–40 | Four/Connected | 15 × 15 | >7 | 60 | >20 | <0.02 | Duroid5880 |
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Patel, A.; Vala, A.; Desai, A.; Elfergani, I.; Mewada, H.; Mahant, K.; Zebiri, C.; Chauhan, D.; Rodriguez, J. Inverted-L Shaped Wideband MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications. Electronics 2022, 11, 1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091387
Patel A, Vala A, Desai A, Elfergani I, Mewada H, Mahant K, Zebiri C, Chauhan D, Rodriguez J. Inverted-L Shaped Wideband MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications. Electronics. 2022; 11(9):1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091387
Chicago/Turabian StylePatel, Amit, Alpesh Vala, Arpan Desai, Issa Elfergani, Hiren Mewada, Keyur Mahant, Chemseddine Zebiri, Dharmendra Chauhan, and Jonathan Rodriguez. 2022. "Inverted-L Shaped Wideband MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications" Electronics 11, no. 9: 1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091387
APA StylePatel, A., Vala, A., Desai, A., Elfergani, I., Mewada, H., Mahant, K., Zebiri, C., Chauhan, D., & Rodriguez, J. (2022). Inverted-L Shaped Wideband MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications. Electronics, 11(9), 1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091387