A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Sample Preparation
2.2. Test Methods
3. Results
3.1. Energy Performance
3.2. Mechanical Performance
4. Mechanical and Energetic Retrofitting: Applications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Component | Oxide Concentration % | Particle Density g/cm3 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | CaO | Na2O | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | K2O | TiO2 | SO3 | ||
Fly ash | 37.33 | 6.13 | - | 16.14 | 30.79 | 5.28 | 3.65 | 0.68 | 2.30 |
Metakaolin | 55.00 | 0.30 | - | 40.00 | 1.40 | 0.80 | 1.50 | - | 2.40 |
LWA | 72.50 | 9.00 | 13.00 | 3.25 | - | 2.25 | - | - | 0.57 |
Label | Dry Mass Density (ρ) | Thermal Conductivity (λ) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean kg/m3 | CoV 1 % | ρ GPM/ρ NHL % | Mean W m–1 K–1 | CoV 1 % | λGPM/λNHL % | |
NHL | 1540 | 0.5 | 66.95 | 0.830 | 1.5 | 26.75 |
GPM | 1031 | 1.8 | 0.222 | 2.7 |
Label | Flexural Strength (fb) | Compressive Strength (fc) | Young’s Modulus (E) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean MPa | CoV 1 % | fb,GPM/fb,NHL % | Mean MPa | CoV 1 % | fc,GPM/fc,NHL % | Mean GPa | CoV 1 % | EGPM/ENHL % | |
NHL | 3.10 | 7.4 | 66.45 | 9.13 | 3.3 | 64.95 | 8.58 | 8.9 | 37.64 |
GPM | 2.06 | 6.3 | 5.93 | 5.0 | 3.23 | 10.2 |
Label | Tensile Strength (σu) | Ultimate Strain (εu) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean MPa | CoV 1 % | σu,GPM/σu,NHL % | Mean % | CoV 1 % | εu,GPM/εu,NHL % | |
NHL | 890.75 | 15.7 | 97.41 | 0.87 | 19.0 | 100.00 |
GPM | 867.69 | 10.7 | 0.87 | 19.4 |
Label | Un-Cracked Slope 2 (EI) | Un-Cracked Slope 3 (E*I) | Cracked Slope (EII) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean GPa | CoV 1 % | EI,GPM/EI,NHL % | Mean GPa | CoV 1 % | E*I,GPM/E*I,NHL % | Mean GPa | CoV 1 % | EII,GPM/EII,NHL % | |
NHL | 514.47 | 8.5 | 44.59 | 2.52 | 8.3 | 44.59 | 77.45 | 5.1 | 89.26 |
GPM | 229.33 | 9.8 | 1.12 | 9.8 | 69.13 | 5.4 |
Label | Shear Strength | Thermal Transmittance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unreinforced MPa | Reinforced MPa | Unreinforced W m–2 K–1 | Reinforced W m–2 K–1 | |
SCB – FRCM | 0.85 | 1.07 | 1.471 | 1.330 |
SCB – FRGM | 0.85 | 1.05 | 1.471 | 1.053 |
TBM – FRCM | 0.67 | 0.90 | 1.258 | 1.153 |
TBM – FRGM | 0.67 | 0.88 | 1.258 | 0.939 |
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Longo, F.; Cascardi, A.; Lassandro, P.; Aiello, M.A. A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits. Fibers 2020, 8, 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8080049
Longo F, Cascardi A, Lassandro P, Aiello MA. A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits. Fibers. 2020; 8(8):49. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8080049
Chicago/Turabian StyleLongo, Fabio, Alessio Cascardi, Paola Lassandro, and Maria Antonietta Aiello. 2020. "A New Fabric Reinforced Geopolymer Mortar (FRGM) with Mechanical and Energy Benefits" Fibers 8, no. 8: 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8080049