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Volume 15
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10.3390/coatings15010085
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Article

Facile Synthesis of Iron Phosphide Nanoparticles in 3D Porous Carbon Framework as Superior Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

by
Jian Yan
,
Sheng Lin
,
Yongji Xia
,
Zhidong Zhou
,
Jintang Li
* and
Guanghui Yue
*
Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Coatings 2025, 15(1), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010085
Submission received: 25 December 2024 / Revised: 11 January 2025 / Accepted: 13 January 2025 / Published: 14 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings for Batteries and Energy Storage)
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Abstract

Iron phosphide (FeP) represents a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries, attributed to its significant theoretical capacity, moderate operating potential, and natural abundance. However, due to the low conductivity and significant volume expansion of FeP electrodes, their specific capacity and cycle life decrease rapidly during charging and discharging. In this study, we synthesized FeP nanoparticles supported on a three-dimensional porous carbon framework composite (FeP@PCF) using a straightforward colloidal blow molding method, employing iron nitrate nonahydrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone as raw materials. The nanoscale size of the FeP particles, along with the abundant mesopores and high specific surface area of the 3D porous carbon framework, contribute to the impressive sodium storage performance of FeP@PCF. It is revealed that FeP@PCF achieves a remarkable capacity of 196.6 mA h g−1 at a current density of 1.0 A g−1. Furthermore, after 800 cycles at this current density, it retains a capacity of 172.4 mA h g−1, demonstrating excellent cycling performance. Kinetic and dynamic studies indicate that this exceptional performance is largely attributed to the well-designed FeP@PCF, which exhibits a high capacitive contribution of 88.3% at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1.
Keywords: sodium-ion batteries; transition metal phosphides; anode; structure design; iron phosphide sodium-ion batteries; transition metal phosphides; anode; structure design; iron phosphide

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, J.; Lin, S.; Xia, Y.; Zhou, Z.; Li, J.; Yue, G. Facile Synthesis of Iron Phosphide Nanoparticles in 3D Porous Carbon Framework as Superior Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Coatings 2025, 15, 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010085

AMA Style

Yan J, Lin S, Xia Y, Zhou Z, Li J, Yue G. Facile Synthesis of Iron Phosphide Nanoparticles in 3D Porous Carbon Framework as Superior Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Coatings. 2025; 15(1):85. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010085

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Jian, Sheng Lin, Yongji Xia, Zhidong Zhou, Jintang Li, and Guanghui Yue. 2025. "Facile Synthesis of Iron Phosphide Nanoparticles in 3D Porous Carbon Framework as Superior Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries" Coatings 15, no. 1: 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010085

APA Style

Yan, J., Lin, S., Xia, Y., Zhou, Z., Li, J., & Yue, G. (2025). Facile Synthesis of Iron Phosphide Nanoparticles in 3D Porous Carbon Framework as Superior Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Coatings, 15(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010085

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