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Volume 13
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10.3390/coatings13061064
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Article

Can Sodium Ascorbate Increase the In Vitro Bond Strength of the Interface between a Composite and Bleached Enamel?

by
Louis Hardan
1,
Rim Bourgi
1,2,
Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
3,*,
Maroun Ghaleb
1,
Khalil Kharma
1,
Ryan Harouny
1,4,
Mateusz Radwanski
5 and
Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
6,*
1
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
2
Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
3
Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico
4
Craniofacial Research Laboratory, Division of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
5
Department of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
6
Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061064
Submission received: 3 May 2023 / Revised: 4 June 2023 / Accepted: 5 June 2023 / Published: 8 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Properties of Dental Materials and Instruments, 2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Recently, the use of antioxidants before the bonding of bleached enamel was considered effective for reversing the reduction in the bond strength. This article aimed to assess the influence of different sodium ascorbate (SA) presentations (liquid, gel, and semi-gel) on the composite resin–enamel bond strength after a bleaching protocol. Sound human anterior teeth were collected, cleaned, prepared for a bond strength test, and randomly allocated into groups according to the bonding procedure. Group 1 acted as a control, without bleaching treatment, and without applying an antioxidant agent. In groups 2–6, specimens were bleached using 10% carbamide peroxide. In groups 3, 4 and 5, 10% wt% SA was applied for 10 min as an antioxidant in the form of a liquid, gel, and semi-gel, respectively. In group 6, samples were bleached and immersed in fresh human saliva for 14 days. After the bleaching process, the materials were restored by means of an adhesive system and a resin composite material. The analysis revealed that the differences between the shear bond strength (SBS) between the different groups were statistically significant (p = 0.0469). The highest SBS was achieved for the group where the 10 wt% SA liquid was applied before the bonding procedures. The application of liquid 10 wt% SA might reverse the negative impact that bleaching has on the bond strength of a resin composite and enamel.
Keywords: antioxidants; bleaching; bond strength; enamel; in vitro antioxidants; bleaching; bond strength; enamel; in vitro

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hardan, L.; Bourgi, R.; Cuevas-Suárez, C.E.; Ghaleb, M.; Kharma, K.; Harouny, R.; Radwanski, M.; Lukomska-Szymanska, M. Can Sodium Ascorbate Increase the In Vitro Bond Strength of the Interface between a Composite and Bleached Enamel? Coatings 2023, 13, 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061064

AMA Style

Hardan L, Bourgi R, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Ghaleb M, Kharma K, Harouny R, Radwanski M, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Can Sodium Ascorbate Increase the In Vitro Bond Strength of the Interface between a Composite and Bleached Enamel? Coatings. 2023; 13(6):1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061064

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hardan, Louis, Rim Bourgi, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Maroun Ghaleb, Khalil Kharma, Ryan Harouny, Mateusz Radwanski, and Monika Lukomska-Szymanska. 2023. "Can Sodium Ascorbate Increase the In Vitro Bond Strength of the Interface between a Composite and Bleached Enamel?" Coatings 13, no. 6: 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061064

APA Style

Hardan, L., Bourgi, R., Cuevas-Suárez, C. E., Ghaleb, M., Kharma, K., Harouny, R., Radwanski, M., & Lukomska-Szymanska, M. (2023). Can Sodium Ascorbate Increase the In Vitro Bond Strength of the Interface between a Composite and Bleached Enamel? Coatings, 13(6), 1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061064

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