Transparent and Robust All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Packaging Materials Prepared in a Mixture of Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Fabrication of All-Cellulose Nanocomposites
2.3. Morphological Characterization
2.4. Optical Characterization
2.5. Structural Characterization
2.6. Mechanical Characterization
2.7. Thermal Characterization
2.8. Water Uptake and Permeability
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of TFA/TFAA Mixture on the Cellulose Nanofibers
3.2. Optical and Morphological Characterization of the Nanocomposites
3.3. Mechanical Characterization of the Nanocomposites
3.4. Water Permeability and Uptake of the Nanocomposites
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Label | MCC (wt.%) | Nanocellulose | |
---|---|---|---|
Short Nanofibers (wt.%) | Long Nanofibers (wt.%) | ||
Cellulose | 100 | - | - |
sNF1 | 99 | 1 | - |
sNF5 | 95 | 5 | - |
sNF10 | 91 | 9 | - |
sNF20 | 83 | 17 | - |
sNF30 | 77 | 23 | - |
lNF1 | 99 | - | 1 |
lNF5 | 95 | - | 5 |
lNF10 | 91 | - | 9 |
lNF20 | 83 | - | 17 |
lNF30 | 77 | - | 23 |
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Guzman-Puyol, S.; Ceseracciu, L.; Tedeschi, G.; Marras, S.; Scarpellini, A.; Benítez, J.J.; Athanassiou, A.; Heredia-Guerrero, J.A. Transparent and Robust All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Packaging Materials Prepared in a Mixture of Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9030368
Guzman-Puyol S, Ceseracciu L, Tedeschi G, Marras S, Scarpellini A, Benítez JJ, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Transparent and Robust All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Packaging Materials Prepared in a Mixture of Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9(3):368. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9030368
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuzman-Puyol, Susana, Luca Ceseracciu, Giacomo Tedeschi, Sergio Marras, Alice Scarpellini, José J. Benítez, Athanassia Athanassiou, and José A. Heredia-Guerrero. 2019. "Transparent and Robust All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Packaging Materials Prepared in a Mixture of Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride" Nanomaterials 9, no. 3: 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9030368