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10.3390/nano14231883
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Article

Thin Films of BaM Hexaferrite with an Inclined Orientation of the Easy Magnetization Axis: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties

by
Boris Krichevtsov
1,*,
Alexander Korovin
1,
Vladimir Fedorov
2,
Sergey Suturin
1,
Aleksandr A. Levin
1,
Andrey Telegin
3,
Elena Balashova
1 and
Nikolai Sokolov
1
1
Ioffe Institute, Politechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
2
Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov University, Khlopin St. 8/3, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
3
M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, 18 S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620108 Yekaterinburg, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(23), 1883; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14231883
Submission received: 1 October 2024 / Revised: 11 November 2024 / Accepted: 21 November 2024 / Published: 23 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetization and Magnetic Disorder at the Nanoscale)
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Abstract

Thin (~50 nm thick) BaM hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) films were grown on (1–102) and (0001) cut α-Al2O3 (sapphire) substrates via laser molecular beam epitaxy using a one- or two-stage growth protocol. The advantages of a two-stage protocol are shown. The surface morphology, structural and magnetic properties of films were studied using atomic force microscopy, reflected high-energy electron diffraction, three-dimensional X-ray diffraction reciprocal space mapping, powder X-ray diffraction, magneto-optical, and magnetometric methods. Annealed BaFe12O19/Al2O3 (1–102) structures consist of close-packed islands epitaxially bonded to the substrate. The hexagonal crystallographic axis and the easy axis (EA) of the magnetization of the films are deflected from the normal to the film by an angle of φ~60°. The films exhibit magnetic hysteresis loops for both in-plane Hin-plane and out-of-plane Hout-of-plane magnetic fields. The shape of Mout-of-plane(Hin-plane) and Min-plane(Hin-plane) hysteresis loops strongly depends on the azimuth θ of the Hin plane, confirming the tilted orientation of the EA. The Mout-of-plane(Hout-of-plane) magnetization curves are caused by the reversible rotation of magnetization and irreversible magnetization jumps associated with the appearance and motion of domain walls. In the absence of a magnetic field, the magnetization is oriented at an angle close to φ.
Keywords: hexaferrite; molecular beam epitaxy; crystal structure; magnetic anisotropy; hysteresis loops; XRD; magneto-optical Kerr effect; VSM; AFM hexaferrite; molecular beam epitaxy; crystal structure; magnetic anisotropy; hysteresis loops; XRD; magneto-optical Kerr effect; VSM; AFM

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MDPI and ACS Style

Krichevtsov, B.; Korovin, A.; Fedorov, V.; Suturin, S.; Levin, A.A.; Telegin, A.; Balashova, E.; Sokolov, N. Thin Films of BaM Hexaferrite with an Inclined Orientation of the Easy Magnetization Axis: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14231883

AMA Style

Krichevtsov B, Korovin A, Fedorov V, Suturin S, Levin AA, Telegin A, Balashova E, Sokolov N. Thin Films of BaM Hexaferrite with an Inclined Orientation of the Easy Magnetization Axis: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties. Nanomaterials. 2024; 14(23):1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14231883

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krichevtsov, Boris, Alexander Korovin, Vladimir Fedorov, Sergey Suturin, Aleksandr A. Levin, Andrey Telegin, Elena Balashova, and Nikolai Sokolov. 2024. "Thin Films of BaM Hexaferrite with an Inclined Orientation of the Easy Magnetization Axis: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties" Nanomaterials 14, no. 23: 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14231883

APA Style

Krichevtsov, B., Korovin, A., Fedorov, V., Suturin, S., Levin, A. A., Telegin, A., Balashova, E., & Sokolov, N. (2024). Thin Films of BaM Hexaferrite with an Inclined Orientation of the Easy Magnetization Axis: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties. Nanomaterials, 14(23), 1883. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14231883

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