On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing

Xie, Qiong; Cavillon, Maxime; Pugliese, Diego; Janner, Davide; Poumellec, Bertrand; Lancry, Matthieu

doi:10.3390/nano12172986

Open AccessArticle

On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing

by

Qiong Xie

¹

,

Maxime Cavillon

¹

,

Diego Pugliese

^2,3

,

Davide Janner

³

,

Bertrand Poumellec

¹

and

Matthieu Lancry

^1,*

¹

Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France

²

Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy

³

Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT) and RU INSTM, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2986; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172986

Submission received: 22 July 2022 / Revised: 15 August 2022 / Accepted: 20 August 2022 / Published: 29 August 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials Fabrication and Ablation by Lasers)

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Abstract

Nanogratings (NGs) are self-assembled subwavelength and birefringent nanostructures created by femtosecond laser direct writing (FLDW) in glass, which are of high interest for photonics, sensing, five-dimensional (5D) optical data storage, or microfluidics applications. In this work, NG formation windows were investigated in nine commercial glasses and as a function of glass viscosity and chemical composition. The NG windows were studied in an energy—frequency laser parameter landscape and characterized by polarizing optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pure silica glass (Suprasil) exhibits the largest NG window, whereas alkali borosilicate glasses (7059 and BK7) present the smallest one. Moreover, the NG formation windows progressively reduced in the following order: ULE, GeO₂, B33, AF32, and Eagle XG. The NG formation window in glasses was found to decrease with the increase of alkali and alkaline earth content and was correlated to the temperature dependence of the viscosity in these glasses. This work provides guidelines to the formation of NGs in commercial oxide glasses by FLDW.

Keywords: nanogratings; birefringence; femtosecond laser direct writing; alkali; viscosity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xie, Q.; Cavillon, M.; Pugliese, D.; Janner, D.; Poumellec, B.; Lancry, M. On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 2986. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172986

AMA Style

Xie Q, Cavillon M, Pugliese D, Janner D, Poumellec B, Lancry M. On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(17):2986. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172986

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xie, Qiong, Maxime Cavillon, Diego Pugliese, Davide Janner, Bertrand Poumellec, and Matthieu Lancry. 2022. "On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing" Nanomaterials 12, no. 17: 2986. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172986

APA Style

Xie, Q., Cavillon, M., Pugliese, D., Janner, D., Poumellec, B., & Lancry, M. (2022). On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing. Nanomaterials, 12(17), 2986. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172986

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On the Formation of Nanogratings in Commercial Oxide Glasses by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing

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