Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn2O4 Nanoparticles

Xu, Wangqiong; Li, Hongkai; Zheng, Yonghui; Lei, Weibin; Wang, Zhenguo; Cheng, Yan; Qi, Ruijuan; Peng, Hui; Lin, Hechun; Yue, Fangyu; Huang, Rong

doi:10.3390/nano11020508

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Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles

by

Wangqiong Xu

¹,

Hongkai Li

¹,

Yonghui Zheng

¹,

Weibin Lei

¹,

Zhenguo Wang

¹,

Yan Cheng

¹,

Ruijuan Qi

^1,*,

Hui Peng

¹,

Hechun Lin

¹,

Fangyu Yue

¹ and

Rong Huang

^1,2,*

¹

Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

²

Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020508

Submission received: 19 January 2021 / Revised: 10 February 2021 / Accepted: 15 February 2021 / Published: 17 February 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Nanophotonics Materials and Devices in China)

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Abstract

Ti-doped truncated octahedron LiTi_xMn_2-xO₄ nanocomposites were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal treatment and calcination process. By using spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-STEM), the effects of Ti-doping on the structure evolution and stability enhancement of LiMn₂O₄ are revealed. It is found that truncated octahedrons are easily formed in Ti doping LiMn₂O₄ material. Structural characterizations reveal that most of the Ti⁴⁺ ions are composed into the spinel to form a more stable spinel LiTi_xMn_2−xO₄ phase framework in bulk. However, a portion of Ti⁴⁺ ions occupy 8a sites around the {001} plane surface to form a new TiMn₂O₄-like structure. The combination of LiTi_xMn_2−xO₄ frameworks in bulk and the TiMn₂O₄-like structure at the surface may enhance the stability of the spinel LiMn₂O₄. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of Ti doping in the surface chemical and structural evolution of LiMn₂O₄ and may guide the design principle for viable electrode materials.

Keywords: truncated octahedral LiMn₂O₄; Ti doping; crystal planes; cathode materials; Li-ion batteries

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xu, W.; Li, H.; Zheng, Y.; Lei, W.; Wang, Z.; Cheng, Y.; Qi, R.; Peng, H.; Lin, H.; Yue, F.; et al. Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020508

AMA Style

Xu W, Li H, Zheng Y, Lei W, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Qi R, Peng H, Lin H, Yue F, et al. Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(2):508. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020508

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xu, Wangqiong, Hongkai Li, Yonghui Zheng, Weibin Lei, Zhenguo Wang, Yan Cheng, Ruijuan Qi, Hui Peng, Hechun Lin, Fangyu Yue, and et al. 2021. "Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles" Nanomaterials 11, no. 2: 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020508

APA Style

Xu, W., Li, H., Zheng, Y., Lei, W., Wang, Z., Cheng, Y., Qi, R., Peng, H., Lin, H., Yue, F., & Huang, R. (2021). Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials, 11(2), 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020508

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Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles

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