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Review

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Effects

by
Andreea Mariana Negrescu
1,
Manuela S. Killian
2,
Swathi N. V. Raghu
2,
Patrik Schmuki
3,4,5,
Anca Mazare
3,6,* and
Anisoara Cimpean
1
1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Chemistry and Biology, Chemistry and Structure of Novel Materials, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, 57076 Siegen, Germany
3
Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
4
Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Listopadu 50A, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic
5
Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
6
Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), National University Corporation Tohoku University (TU), Sendai 980-8577, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13(4), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040274
Submission received: 21 October 2022 / Revised: 22 November 2022 / Accepted: 25 November 2022 / Published: 5 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Women in Science: Functional Biomaterials)
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Abstract

In the last few years, the progress made in the field of nanotechnology has allowed researchers to develop and synthesize nanosized materials with unique physicochemical characteristics, suitable for various biomedical applications. Amongst these nanomaterials, metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) have gained increasing interest due to their excellent properties, which to a great extent differ from their bulk counterpart. However, despite such positive advantages, a substantial body of literature reports on their cytotoxic effects, which are directly correlated to the nanoparticles’ physicochemical properties, therefore, better control over the synthetic parameters will not only lead to favorable surface characteristics but may also increase biocompatibility and consequently lower cytotoxicity. Taking into consideration the enormous biomedical potential of MONPs, the present review will discuss the most recent developments in this field referring mainly to synthesis methods, physical and chemical characterization and biological effects, including the pro-regenerative and antitumor potentials as well as antibacterial activity. Moreover, the last section of the review will tackle the pressing issue of the toxic effects of MONPs on various tissues/organs and cell lines.
Keywords: metal oxide nanoparticles; nanotechnology; pro-regenerative potential; cancer therapy; antimicrobial activity; nanotoxicity metal oxide nanoparticles; nanotechnology; pro-regenerative potential; cancer therapy; antimicrobial activity; nanotoxicity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Negrescu, A.M.; Killian, M.S.; Raghu, S.N.V.; Schmuki, P.; Mazare, A.; Cimpean, A. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Effects. J. Funct. Biomater. 2022, 13, 274. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040274

AMA Style

Negrescu AM, Killian MS, Raghu SNV, Schmuki P, Mazare A, Cimpean A. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Effects. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2022; 13(4):274. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040274

Chicago/Turabian Style

Negrescu, Andreea Mariana, Manuela S. Killian, Swathi N. V. Raghu, Patrik Schmuki, Anca Mazare, and Anisoara Cimpean. 2022. "Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Effects" Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 4: 274. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040274

APA Style

Negrescu, A. M., Killian, M. S., Raghu, S. N. V., Schmuki, P., Mazare, A., & Cimpean, A. (2022). Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Effects. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 13(4), 274. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb13040274

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