Phosphatidylethanol for Monitoring Alcohol Use in Liver Transplant Candidates: An Observational Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population and Procedure
2.3. Biomarker Assessment
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | AUDIT negative (score <8) | AUDIT positive (score ≥8) |
---|---|---|
Sex (% men) | 83.3 | 87.5 |
Age (years) | 56.8 | 53.6 |
ASAT (mean (SD)) | 47.6 (20) UI/L | 34.6 (4) UI/L |
ALAT (mean (SD)) | 34.9 (25) UI/L | 33 (28) UI/L |
GGT (mean (SD)) | 89.9 (86) UI/L | 75.6 (11) UI/L |
EtG positive (%) | 2.4% | 62.5% |
EtS positive (%) | 19.5% | 62.5% |
PeTH positive (%) | 7.1% | 25% |
HEtG positive (%) | 3.4% | 66.7% |
TLFB positive (%) | 0% | 37.5% |
All biomarkers negative (%) | 76.2% | 37.5% |
Other drugs used (%) | 11.9% | 25% |
VHC (%) | 28.6% | 25% |
Biomarker | Characteristics | References |
---|---|---|
EtG | Obtained from urine. Sensible to urine infections and reduced kidney function. Suitable for abstinence monitoring. Time-frame of detection up to a few days. Cut-off 0.5 mg/L | [15,16,17,19,20,27,28,29,30] |
EtS | Obtained from urine. Sensible to urine infections and reduced kidney function. Suitable for abstinence monitoring. Time-frame of detection up to a few days. Cut-off 0.05 mg/L. | [17,19,20,31,32,33] |
PeTH | Obtained from dried blood spots. Suitable for abstinence and heavy drinking monitoring. Timeframe of detection from days to weeks. Cut-off 20 ng/mL | [19,21,22,23,24] |
HEtG | Obtained from hair. Sensible to contamination and extraction methods. Suitable for abstinence monitoring over long periods of time. Timeframe of detection from weeks to months. Cut-off 7 pg/mL. | [19] |
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Barrio, P.; Gual, A.; Lligoña, A.; Teixidor, L.; Weinmann, W.; Yegles, M.; Wurst, F.M. Phosphatidylethanol for Monitoring Alcohol Use in Liver Transplant Candidates: An Observational Study. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 3060. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093060
Barrio P, Gual A, Lligoña A, Teixidor L, Weinmann W, Yegles M, Wurst FM. Phosphatidylethanol for Monitoring Alcohol Use in Liver Transplant Candidates: An Observational Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):3060. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093060
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarrio, Pablo, Antoni Gual, Anna Lligoña, Lidia Teixidor, Wolfgang Weinmann, Michel Yegles, and Friedrich M. Wurst. 2020. "Phosphatidylethanol for Monitoring Alcohol Use in Liver Transplant Candidates: An Observational Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 3060. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093060