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Article

Statin and Cancer Mortality and Survival: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by
Gwang Hun Jeong
1,
Keum Hwa Lee
2,
Jong Yeob Kim
3,
Michael Eisenhut
4,
Andreas Kronbichler
5,
Hans J. van der Vliet
6,
Jae Il Shin
2,* and
Gabriele Gamerith
7
1
College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
2
Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul 03722, Korea
3
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
4
Luton & Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Lewsey Road, Luton LU4 ODZ, UK
5
Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
6
Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
7
Internal Medicine V, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(2), 326; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020326
Submission received: 9 December 2019 / Revised: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 20 January 2020 / Published: 23 January 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current and Emerging Uses of Statins in Clinical Therapeutics)
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide an overview and understand the strength of evidence and the extent of potential biases and the validity of claimed associations between the use of statins and cancer mortality or survival. We performed a comprehensive umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematically appraised the relevant meta-analyses of observational studies on the associations between statin use and cancer mortality or survival in various kinds of cancer. We searched the PubMed database and screened the reference list of relevant articles. We obtained the summary effect, 95% confidence interval, heterogeneity, and also examined small study effects and 95% prediction intervals for effect sizes, and the level of evidence was determined from the criteria. Regarding cancer mortality, statin use showed convincing evidence for an association with a reduced cancer-specific mortality rate for colorectal cancer. Four associations with reduced all-cause mortality (for breast cancer, colorectal cancer, endocrine-related gynecological cancer, and ovarian cancer) had a suggestive evidence. Moreover, analyses in nine cancers showed a weak level of evidence, while the remaining 15 did not indicate significant changes in either direction. Although there was a preventive effect of statin on cancer mortality in some cancer types, the evidence supporting the use of statins to reduce cancer mortality or survival was low.
Keywords: statin; cancer mortality; cancer survival; meta-analysis; umbrella review statin; cancer mortality; cancer survival; meta-analysis; umbrella review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jeong, G.H.; Lee, K.H.; Kim, J.Y.; Eisenhut, M.; Kronbichler, A.; van der Vliet, H.J.; Shin, J.I.; Gamerith, G. Statin and Cancer Mortality and Survival: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 326. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020326

AMA Style

Jeong GH, Lee KH, Kim JY, Eisenhut M, Kronbichler A, van der Vliet HJ, Shin JI, Gamerith G. Statin and Cancer Mortality and Survival: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(2):326. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020326

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong, Gwang Hun, Keum Hwa Lee, Jong Yeob Kim, Michael Eisenhut, Andreas Kronbichler, Hans J. van der Vliet, Jae Il Shin, and Gabriele Gamerith. 2020. "Statin and Cancer Mortality and Survival: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 2: 326. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020326

APA Style

Jeong, G. H., Lee, K. H., Kim, J. Y., Eisenhut, M., Kronbichler, A., van der Vliet, H. J., Shin, J. I., & Gamerith, G. (2020). Statin and Cancer Mortality and Survival: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(2), 326. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020326

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