New Molecular Technologies for Minimal Residual Disease Evaluation in B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. The Early Steps and Prognostic Importance of Minimal Residual Disease
1.2. MRD Potential Molecular Targets in B-Cell Hematologic Malignancies
1.3. qPCR-MRD Approaches: Technical Considerations and Feasibility on Different Tissues
1.4. Limitations of Standard PCR-Based MRD Techniques
2. Digital PCR for MRD Monitoring
3. Next Generation Sequencing
4. Liquid Biopsies: Novel Techniques for ctDNA Detection in Lymphoproliferative Malignancies
5. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Technique | Approach | Sensitivity | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|---|---|
Droplet digital PCR | Targeted analysis | Up to 5.00 × 10−5 [23,47,53] | Absolute quantification of target (no need of standard curve) | Discovery of unknown mutations not possible |
High precision measure even at low concentration targets | Not able to overcome the limitation of allele-specific design | |||
NGS | (a) Multiple targets; (b) Whole genome; (c) Whole exome | Up to 1.00 × 10−4 [25,101] | Potentially highly sensitive | Long turn-around time, not fully standardized |
Allows discovery approach | Bionformatic tools and expert personnel needed | |||
No need for patient-specific reagents | Expensive |
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Dogliotti, I.; Drandi, D.; Genuardi, E.; Ferrero, S. New Molecular Technologies for Minimal Residual Disease Evaluation in B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies. J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7, 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090288
Dogliotti I, Drandi D, Genuardi E, Ferrero S. New Molecular Technologies for Minimal Residual Disease Evaluation in B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2018; 7(9):288. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090288
Chicago/Turabian StyleDogliotti, Irene, Daniela Drandi, Elisa Genuardi, and Simone Ferrero. 2018. "New Molecular Technologies for Minimal Residual Disease Evaluation in B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies" Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 9: 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090288