The Role of Objectively Measured, Altered Physical Activity Patterns for Body Mass Index Change during Inpatient Treatment in Female Patients with Anorexia Nervosa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Subjects and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Anthropometry
2.3. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
2.4. PA Assessment
- A MET-value ≤1.0 was defined as the rate of energy expenditure while at rest [17].
- Activities with a MET-value ≤1.8 were considered as sedentary behavior [18].
- Thus, we concluded to form a new category ranging from ≥1.1 to ≤1.8 METs to describe very light-intensity physical activities (VLPA).
- Light-intensity physical activities (LPA) were defined as MET-values >1.8 and <3 [18].
- Vigorous-intensity activities (VPA) were divided firstly into MET-values ranging from ≥6 to ≤9, and secondly into values >9 METs [3].
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of the Study Population Including Medical Details, Comorbidities, Medications, and Body Composition
3.2. Comparison of Physical Activity and MET Intensities
3.3. BMI Change
3.4. Association between Physical Activity and Clinical Outcome
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Measurement Parameters | Anorexia Nervosa Baseline (n = 50) | Controls (n = 30) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic parameters | |||
Age (years) | 25 (21/30) | 26 (23/35) | 0.057 |
Weight (kg) | 39.9 ± 6.6 (28.4–58.8) | 60.5 ± 5.8 (51.2–71.9) | <0.001 |
Height (cm) | 166 ± 7 (152–185) | 169 ± 6 (159–180) | 0.128 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 14.4 ± 2.0 (8.9–17.7) | 21.3 ± 1.7 (18.8–25.0) | <0.001 |
Duration of illness (months) | 72 (15/134) | N/A | |
Body composition | |||
Phase angle (°) | 4.5 (3.8/5.1) | 5.9 (5.5/6.4) | <0.001 |
Fat mass (kg) | 2.9 ± 2.7 (1–12.5) | 16.0 ± 3.1 (11.3–22.5) | <0.001 |
Fat mass (%) | 6.7 ± 5.2 (2.1–21.6) | 26 ± 3 (21–32) | <0.001 |
Fat-free mass (kg) | 37 ± 4 (27–46) | 44 ± 3 (39–53) | <0.001 |
Fat-free mass (%) | 93 ± 5 (78–98) | 74 ± 3 (68–79) | <0.001 |
Measurement Parameters | Anorexia Nervosa Baseline (n = 50) | Controls (n = 30) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Physical activity | |||
Number of steps per day | 11,305 ± 6064 (2479–31,876) | 11,098 ± 3973 (6507–22,948) | 0.854 |
Total distance (km/day) | 10.2 ± 5.5 (2.3–25.2) | 9.8 ± 4.0 (4.6–19.2) | 0.769 |
Metabolic equivalents (METs per day) | 1.40 (1.40/1.60) | 1.70 (1.50/1.80) | <0.001 |
Duration of recumbency (min/day) | 483 (443/527) | 500 (440/560) | 0.348 |
Duration of sleep (min/day) | 427 (375/457) | 408 (363/484) | 0.842 |
PA ≤ 1 METs duration (min/day) | 496 (448/536) | 588 (502/643) | <0.001 |
VLPA 1.1–1.8 METs duration (min/day) | 647 (569/703) | 566 (499/631) | 0.004 |
LPA 1.8–3 METs duration (min/day) | 126 (92/188) | 84 (71/108) | <0.001 |
MPA 3–6 METs duration (min/day) | 82 (44/130) | 114 (79/165) | 0.022 |
VPA 6–9 METs duration (min/day) | 0 (0/3) | 16 (8/35) | <0.001 |
VPA > 9 METs duration (min/day) | 0.0 (0.0/0.0) | 0.0 (0.0/3.2) | 0.063 |
Measurement Parameters | Anorexia Nervosa Baseline (n = 50) | Anorexia Nervosa Discharge (n = 50) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Clinical outcome | |||
Weight (kg) | 39.9 ± 6.6 (28.4–58.8) | 42.0 ± 6.2 (31.4–59.7) | <0.001 |
Total weight gain (kg) | - | 2.1 ± 2.3 (−1.4–9.6) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 14.4 ± 2.0 (8.9–17.7) | 15.2 ± 1.8 (11.7–18.3) | <0.001 |
BMI increase (kg/ m2) | - | 0.7 ± 0.8 (−0.5–2.8) | |
BMI increase (%) | - | 4 (1/10) |
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Lehmann, C.S.; Hofmann, T.; Elbelt, U.; Rose, M.; Correll, C.U.; Stengel, A.; Haas, V. The Role of Objectively Measured, Altered Physical Activity Patterns for Body Mass Index Change during Inpatient Treatment in Female Patients with Anorexia Nervosa. J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7, 289. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090289
Lehmann CS, Hofmann T, Elbelt U, Rose M, Correll CU, Stengel A, Haas V. The Role of Objectively Measured, Altered Physical Activity Patterns for Body Mass Index Change during Inpatient Treatment in Female Patients with Anorexia Nervosa. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2018; 7(9):289. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090289
Chicago/Turabian StyleLehmann, Celine S., Tobias Hofmann, Ulf Elbelt, Matthias Rose, Christoph U. Correll, Andreas Stengel, and Verena Haas. 2018. "The Role of Objectively Measured, Altered Physical Activity Patterns for Body Mass Index Change during Inpatient Treatment in Female Patients with Anorexia Nervosa" Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 9: 289. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090289