Next Article in Journal
Reply to Treasure et al. Comment on “Ambrogi et al. Lung Metastasectomy: Where Do We Stand? Results from an Italian Multicentric Prospective Database. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3106”
Previous Article in Journal
Enhanced Hypercoagulability Using Clot Waveform Analysis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Acute Cerebral Infarction
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
JCM
Volume 13
Issue 23
10.3390/jcm13237182
jcm-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Multimorbidity and COVID-19 Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Is the Association Mediated by the Severity of the Condition at Admission?

by
Alberto Catalano
1,2,*,
Carlotta Sacerdote
3,4,
Marco Alvich
5,
Alessandra Macciotta
1,2,
Lorenzo Milani
1,
Cinzia Destefanis
1,
Kibrom Teklay Gebru
1,
Barbara Sodano
1,6,
Lisa Padroni
1,
Maria Teresa Giraudo
1,
Giovannino Ciccone
7,
Eva Pagano
7,
Adriana Boccuzzi
8,
Valeria Caramello
8,† and
Fulvio Ricceri
1,†
1
Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy
2
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
3
Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
4
Unit of Epidemiology, Local Health Unit of Novara, 28100 Novara, Italy
5
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy
6
Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
7
Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, CPO, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
8
Emergency Department and High Dependency Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(23), 7182; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237182
Submission received: 25 October 2024 / Revised: 20 November 2024 / Accepted: 22 November 2024 / Published: 26 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Epidemiology & Public Health)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is one of the most reliable indicators to assess the impact of multimorbidity on COVID-19-related outcomes. Moreover, the patient’s clinical conditions are associated with SARS-CoV-2 outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the association between multimorbidity and COVID-19-related outcomes, evaluating whether the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) mediated these associations. Methods: Data were obtained through the platform “EPICLIN”. We analyzed all patients who tested positive for COVID-19 after accessing the emergency department (ED) of San Luigi Gonzaga (Orbassano) and Molinette (Turin) hospitals from 1 March to 30 June 2020. Different outcomes were assessed: non-discharge from the ED, 30-day mortality, ICU admission/death among hospitalized patients, and length of hospitalization among surviving patients. Two subgroups of patients (<65 and 65+ years old) were analyzed using logistic regressions, Cox models, and mediation analyses. Results: There was a greater risk of not being discharged or dying among those who were younger and with CCI ≥ 2. Moreover, the higher the CCI, the longer the length of hospitalization. Considering older subjects, a greater CCI was associated with a higher risk of death. Regarding the mediation analyses, multimorbidity significantly impacted the hospitalization length and not being discharged in the younger population. Instead, in the older population, the NEWS2 played a mediation role. Conclusions: This research showed that multimorbidity is a risk factor for a worse prognosis of COVID-19. Moreover, there was a strong direct effect of CCI on not being discharged, and the NEWS2 was found to act as mediator in the association between multimorbidity and COVID-19-related outcomes.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Charlson comorbidity index; multimorbidity; hospitalization; intensive care unit; mortality; national early warning score 2 SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Charlson comorbidity index; multimorbidity; hospitalization; intensive care unit; mortality; national early warning score 2

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Catalano, A.; Sacerdote, C.; Alvich, M.; Macciotta, A.; Milani, L.; Destefanis, C.; Gebru, K.T.; Sodano, B.; Padroni, L.; Giraudo, M.T.; et al. Multimorbidity and COVID-19 Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Is the Association Mediated by the Severity of the Condition at Admission? J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 7182. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237182

AMA Style

Catalano A, Sacerdote C, Alvich M, Macciotta A, Milani L, Destefanis C, Gebru KT, Sodano B, Padroni L, Giraudo MT, et al. Multimorbidity and COVID-19 Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Is the Association Mediated by the Severity of the Condition at Admission? Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(23):7182. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237182

Chicago/Turabian Style

Catalano, Alberto, Carlotta Sacerdote, Marco Alvich, Alessandra Macciotta, Lorenzo Milani, Cinzia Destefanis, Kibrom Teklay Gebru, Barbara Sodano, Lisa Padroni, Maria Teresa Giraudo, and et al. 2024. "Multimorbidity and COVID-19 Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Is the Association Mediated by the Severity of the Condition at Admission?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 23: 7182. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237182

APA Style

Catalano, A., Sacerdote, C., Alvich, M., Macciotta, A., Milani, L., Destefanis, C., Gebru, K. T., Sodano, B., Padroni, L., Giraudo, M. T., Ciccone, G., Pagano, E., Boccuzzi, A., Caramello, V., & Ricceri, F. (2024). Multimorbidity and COVID-19 Outcomes in the Emergency Department: Is the Association Mediated by the Severity of the Condition at Admission? Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(23), 7182. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237182

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop