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Article

Trends in Hospital Admissions and Death Causes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Spanish National Registry

by
Víctor Moreno-Torres
1,*,
Carlos Tarín
2,
Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
3,
Raquel Castejón
1,
Ángela Gutiérrez-Rojas
1,
Ana Royuela
4,
Pedro Durán-del Campo
1,
Susana Mellor-Pita
1,
Pablo Tutor
1,
Silvia Rosado
1,
Enrique Sánchez
1,
María Martínez-Urbistondo
1,
Carmen de Mendoza
1,
Miguel Yebra
1 and
Juan-Antonio Vargas
1
1
Internal Medicine Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHIM), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain
2
Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad CEU San Pablo, 28003 Madrid, Spain
3
Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, UPV/EHU, 48903 Bizkaia, Spain
4
Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana, CIBERESP, 28222 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(24), 5749; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245749
Submission received: 22 November 2021 / Revised: 3 December 2021 / Accepted: 6 December 2021 / Published: 8 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
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Abstract

Background: the admission and death causes of SLE patients might have changed over the last years. Methods: Analysis of the Spanish National Hospital Discharge database. All individuals admitted with SLE, according to ICD-9, were selected. The following five admission categories were considered: SLE, cardiovascular disease (CVD), neoplasm, infection, and venous-thromboembolic disease (VTED), along four periods of time (1997–2000, 2001–2005, 2006–2010, and 2011–2015). Results: The admissions (99,859) from 43.432 patients with SLE were included. The absolute number of admissions increased from 15,807 in 1997–2000 to 31,977 in 2011–2015. SLE decreased as a cause of admission (from 47.1% to 20.8%, p < 0.001), while other categories increased over the time, as follows: 5% to 8.6% for CVD, 8.2% to 13% for infection, and 1.4% to 5.5% for neoplasm (p < 0.001 for all). The admission mortality rate rose from 2.22% to 3.06% (p < 0.001) and the causes of death evolved in parallel with the admission categories. A significant trend to older age was observed over time in the overall population and deceased patients (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Better control of SLE over the past two decades has led to a decrease in early admissions, and disease chronification. As a counterpart, CVD, infections, and neoplasm have become the main causes of admissions and mortality.
Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus; cardiovascular disease; infections; neoplasm; mortality; hospital admissions systemic lupus erythematosus; cardiovascular disease; infections; neoplasm; mortality; hospital admissions

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MDPI and ACS Style

Moreno-Torres, V.; Tarín, C.; Ruiz-Irastorza, G.; Castejón, R.; Gutiérrez-Rojas, Á.; Royuela, A.; Durán-del Campo, P.; Mellor-Pita, S.; Tutor, P.; Rosado, S.; et al. Trends in Hospital Admissions and Death Causes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Spanish National Registry. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 5749. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245749

AMA Style

Moreno-Torres V, Tarín C, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Castejón R, Gutiérrez-Rojas Á, Royuela A, Durán-del Campo P, Mellor-Pita S, Tutor P, Rosado S, et al. Trends in Hospital Admissions and Death Causes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Spanish National Registry. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(24):5749. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245749

Chicago/Turabian Style

Moreno-Torres, Víctor, Carlos Tarín, Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, Raquel Castejón, Ángela Gutiérrez-Rojas, Ana Royuela, Pedro Durán-del Campo, Susana Mellor-Pita, Pablo Tutor, Silvia Rosado, and et al. 2021. "Trends in Hospital Admissions and Death Causes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Spanish National Registry" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 24: 5749. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245749

APA Style

Moreno-Torres, V., Tarín, C., Ruiz-Irastorza, G., Castejón, R., Gutiérrez-Rojas, Á., Royuela, A., Durán-del Campo, P., Mellor-Pita, S., Tutor, P., Rosado, S., Sánchez, E., Martínez-Urbistondo, M., de Mendoza, C., Yebra, M., & Vargas, J.-A. (2021). Trends in Hospital Admissions and Death Causes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Spanish National Registry. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(24), 5749. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245749

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