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Membranes
Volume 12
Issue 8
10.3390/membranes12080765
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Article

Sessile Drop Method: Critical Analysis and Optimization for Measuring the Contact Angle of an Ion-Exchange Membrane Surface

by
Maria Ponomar
1,
Ekaterina Krasnyuk
1,
Dmitrii Butylskii
1,
Victor Nikonenko
1,
Yaoming Wang
2,
Chenxiao Jiang
2,
Tongwen Xu
2 and
Natalia Pismenskaya
1,*
1
Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
2
Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Membranes 2022, 12(8), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080765
Submission received: 19 July 2022 / Revised: 31 July 2022 / Accepted: 1 August 2022 / Published: 4 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ion-Exchange Membranes and Processes (Volume III))
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Abstract

The contact angle between a membrane surface and a waterdrop lying on its surface provides important information about the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the membrane. This method is well-developed for solid non-swelling materials. However, ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are gel-like solids that swell in liquids. When an IEM is exposed to air, its degree of swelling changes rapidly, making it difficult to measure the contact angle. In this paper, we examine the known experience of measuring contact angles and suggest a simple equipment that allows the membrane to remain swollen during measurements. An optimized protocol makes it possible to obtain reliable and reproducible results. Measuring parameters such as drop size, water dosing speed and others are optimized. Contact angle measurements are shown for a large number of commercial membranes. These data are supplemented with values from other surface characteristics from optical and profilometric measurements.
Keywords: surface characterization; ion-exchange membrane; contact angle; sessile drop method; roughness surface characterization; ion-exchange membrane; contact angle; sessile drop method; roughness

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ponomar, M.; Krasnyuk, E.; Butylskii, D.; Nikonenko, V.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, C.; Xu, T.; Pismenskaya, N. Sessile Drop Method: Critical Analysis and Optimization for Measuring the Contact Angle of an Ion-Exchange Membrane Surface. Membranes 2022, 12, 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080765

AMA Style

Ponomar M, Krasnyuk E, Butylskii D, Nikonenko V, Wang Y, Jiang C, Xu T, Pismenskaya N. Sessile Drop Method: Critical Analysis and Optimization for Measuring the Contact Angle of an Ion-Exchange Membrane Surface. Membranes. 2022; 12(8):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080765

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ponomar, Maria, Ekaterina Krasnyuk, Dmitrii Butylskii, Victor Nikonenko, Yaoming Wang, Chenxiao Jiang, Tongwen Xu, and Natalia Pismenskaya. 2022. "Sessile Drop Method: Critical Analysis and Optimization for Measuring the Contact Angle of an Ion-Exchange Membrane Surface" Membranes 12, no. 8: 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080765

APA Style

Ponomar, M., Krasnyuk, E., Butylskii, D., Nikonenko, V., Wang, Y., Jiang, C., Xu, T., & Pismenskaya, N. (2022). Sessile Drop Method: Critical Analysis and Optimization for Measuring the Contact Angle of an Ion-Exchange Membrane Surface. Membranes, 12(8), 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080765

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