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Article

The Impact of Sex on Changes in Plasma Corticosterone and Cotinine Levels Induced by Nicotine in C57BL/6J Mice

1
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
2
Lab Launch, 605 E. Huntington Drive, Suite # 103, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(10), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100705
Received: 6 September 2020 / Revised: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 / Published: 3 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A Decade of Brain Sciences)
We assessed if there were any sex-related differences in the ability of nicotine to increase plasma corticosterone secretion after single or repeated nicotine administration. For single-dose studies, male and female mice were habituated to the test room for 1 h and injected with saline or nicotine (0.25 or 1 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)). In repeated-dosing studies, mice were injected with saline or nicotine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) once daily for six days, and, on day 7, received nicotine (1 mg/kg, s.c.). Mice were then euthanized 15 min later, and trunk blood was collected for the measurement of corticosterone, nicotine, and cotinine. Our results showed that saline or nicotine each significantly increased plasma corticosterone levels in both males and females, with a greater response in female mice. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased in male but not female mice after being treated repeatedly compared to single nicotine administration. The level of cotinine, a biomarker of nicotine use, was significantly higher in female than in male mice. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that female mice respond to nicotine and the stress of handling more than male mice and provide for the first-time quantitative data on male–female differences in nicotine-induced elevations of corticosterone and cotinine plasma levels. View Full-Text
Keywords: nicotine; cotinine; corticosterone; LCMS; sex; C57BL/6J mouse; CYP2A5; plasma levels; subcutaneous injection nicotine; cotinine; corticosterone; LCMS; sex; C57BL/6J mouse; CYP2A5; plasma levels; subcutaneous injection
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MDPI and ACS Style

Nguyen, K.; Kanamori, K.; Shin, C.S.; Hamid, A.; Lutfy, K. The Impact of Sex on Changes in Plasma Corticosterone and Cotinine Levels Induced by Nicotine in C57BL/6J Mice. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100705

AMA Style

Nguyen K, Kanamori K, Shin CS, Hamid A, Lutfy K. The Impact of Sex on Changes in Plasma Corticosterone and Cotinine Levels Induced by Nicotine in C57BL/6J Mice. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(10):705. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100705

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nguyen, Khoa, Keiko Kanamori, Chang S. Shin, Abdul Hamid, and Kabirullah Lutfy. 2020. "The Impact of Sex on Changes in Plasma Corticosterone and Cotinine Levels Induced by Nicotine in C57BL/6J Mice" Brain Sciences 10, no. 10: 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100705

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