Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration

Si, Liyun; Wang, Tieyong; Niu, Chenguang; Xiao, Mei; Liu, Weiyu

doi:10.3390/app16010097

Open AccessArticle

Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration

by

Liyun Si

¹,

Tieyong Wang

²,

Chenguang Niu

¹,

Mei Xiao

^3,* and

Weiyu Liu

^4,*

¹

School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China

²

Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute, Xi’an 710068, China

³

School of Transportation Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China

⁴

School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(1), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010097

Submission received: 14 October 2025 / Revised: 11 December 2025 / Accepted: 16 December 2025 / Published: 21 December 2025

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)

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Abstract

Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) are promising for applications such as air compressors due to their robust structure and fault tolerance, but suffer from high torque ripple and radial electromagnetic forces that cause vibration and noise. This paper proposes a game-theoretic multi-objective design optimization framework to enhance electromagnetic performance by simultaneously maximizing average torque and minimizing radial force. The optimization problem is transformed into a game model where objectives are treated as players with strategy spaces derived through fuzzy clustering and correlation analysis. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is employed to solve the payoff functions under both novel cooperative and non-cooperative game scenarios of SRMs’ structural design. Finite element analysis (FEA) validates the optimized motor topology, showing that the cooperative game model achieves a balanced performance with high torque density and reduced vibration, meeting the requirements for air compressor drives. The proposed method effectively resolves the weight selection challenge in traditional multi-objective optimization and demonstrates strong engineering feasibility.

Keywords: switched reluctance motor; game theory; multi-objective optimization; electromagnetic vibration; particle swarm optimization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Si, L.; Wang, T.; Niu, C.; Xiao, M.; Liu, W. Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010097

AMA Style

Si L, Wang T, Niu C, Xiao M, Liu W. Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration. Applied Sciences. 2026; 16(1):97. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010097

Chicago/Turabian Style

Si, Liyun, Tieyong Wang, Chenguang Niu, Mei Xiao, and Weiyu Liu. 2026. "Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration" Applied Sciences 16, no. 1: 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010097

APA Style

Si, L., Wang, T., Niu, C., Xiao, M., & Liu, W. (2026). Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration. Applied Sciences, 16(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010097

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Game-Theoretic Design Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors for Air Compressors to Reduce Electromagnetic Vibration

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