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Article

Exploring the Potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 for Bioenergy and Biofertilizer Applications and Its Adaptability to Environmental Stress

1
Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
2
School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
3
Integrated Blue Carbon Research Center, Advanced Bio-Resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 5097; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095097
Submission received: 24 March 2025 / Revised: 23 April 2025 / Accepted: 2 May 2025 / Published: 3 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioprocessing and Fermentation Technology for Biomass Conversion)

Abstract

As global energy demand continues to rise, microalgae have gained attention as a promising feedstock for biofuel production due to their environmental adaptability and renewable nature. This study investigated the growth performance and stress tolerance of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 under varying pH and salinity conditions to evaluate its potential as a biofuel candidate. The strain was cultivated under controlled laboratory conditions and exhibited stable growth across a broad pH range (4–10) and moderate salinity levels (up to 5 g L1 NaCl), indicating its resilience to diverse environmental conditions. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis revealed that the biodiesel properties of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 comply with ASTM and EN standards in specific parameters, reinforcing its feasibility as a renewable biofuel feedstock. Additionally, its high calorific value (CV) suggests its potential as an energy-dense biomass source. The results of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP) analysis show that the soil is supplied with essential nutrients while minimizing heavy metal contamination, suggesting the possibility of biofertilizers. Although Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 demonstrated promising characteristics for biofuel applications, further research is required to optimize large-scale cultivation and improve productivity for industrial applications. These findings highlight the potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 as a biofuel resource, particularly in non-optimal environmental conditions where pH and salinity fluctuations are common, contributing to the ongoing search for sustainable bioenergy solutions.
Keywords: microalgae; biomass productivity; bioenergy; biofertilizer; environmental stress adaptation microalgae; biomass productivity; bioenergy; biofertilizer; environmental stress adaptation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shin, Y.; Do, J.-M.; Noh, H.-S.; Yoon, H.-S. Exploring the Potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 for Bioenergy and Biofertilizer Applications and Its Adaptability to Environmental Stress. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095097

AMA Style

Shin Y, Do J-M, Noh H-S, Yoon H-S. Exploring the Potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 for Bioenergy and Biofertilizer Applications and Its Adaptability to Environmental Stress. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(9):5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095097

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shin, Yeonsu, Jeong-Mi Do, Hae-Seo Noh, and Ho-Sung Yoon. 2025. "Exploring the Potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 for Bioenergy and Biofertilizer Applications and Its Adaptability to Environmental Stress" Applied Sciences 15, no. 9: 5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095097

APA Style

Shin, Y., Do, J.-M., Noh, H.-S., & Yoon, H.-S. (2025). Exploring the Potential of Desmodesmus sp. KNUA231 for Bioenergy and Biofertilizer Applications and Its Adaptability to Environmental Stress. Applied Sciences, 15(9), 5097. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095097

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