Regular Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: Unpacking the Roles of Self-Control and Emotion Regulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Study Design
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Measurements
2.3.1. Level of Involvement in Physical Activity
2.3.2. Satisfaction with Life Scale
2.3.3. Brief Self-Control Scale
2.3.4. Emotion Regulation Questionnaire
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations and Further Research Directions
4.2. Strengths and Practical Implications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean | 95% CI | Median | SD | IQR | Skewness | Kurtosis | Cronbach’s α | 95% CI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||||
Self-control | 36.5 | 35.2 | 37.8 | 36 | 8.90 | 10.75 | 0.314 | −0.127 | 0.827 | 0.788 | 0.862 |
ERQ Reappraisal | 26.6 | 25.5 | 27.6 | 28 | 7.19 | 9.00 | −0.164 | −0.105 | 0.818 | 0.775 | 0.856 |
ERQ Suppression | 14.3 | 13.5 | 15.2 | 15 | 5.80 | 9.00 | 0.032 | −0.814 | 0.806 | 0.756 | 0.848 |
Satisfaction with life | 18.7 | 17.8 | 19.6 | 19 | 6.29 | 9.75 | 0.015 | −0.352 | 0.847 | 0.809 | 0.879 |
Statistics | Variables | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-Control | Reappraisal | Suppression | Satisfaction with Life | ||
Reappraisal | Pearson’s r | 0.250 | |||
p–value | 0.001 | ||||
95% CI Lower | 0.110 | ||||
95% CI Upper | 0.380 | ||||
Suppression | Pearson’s r | −0.022 | −0.140 | ||
p–value | 0.765 | 0.057 | |||
95% CI Lower | −0.165 | −0.278 | |||
95% CI Upper | 0.122 | 0.004 | |||
Satisfaction with life | Pearson’s r | 0.427 | 0.412 | −0.268 | |
p–value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
95% CI Lower | 0.301 | 0.285 | −0.396 | ||
95% CI Upper | 0.537 | 0.524 | −0.129 | ||
Level of involvement in physical activity | Spearman’s rho | 0.341 | 0.148 | 0.028 | 0.248 |
p–value | <0.001 | 0.044 | 0.707 | < 0.001 | |
95% CI Lower | 0.204 | 0.003 | −0.116 | 0.105 | |
95% CI Upper | 0.465 | 0.287 | 0.171 | 0.380 |
Effect Type | Effect | Estimate | SE | 95% C.I. | β | β 95% C.I. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
Indirect | PA level ⇒ Self-control ⇒ SwL | 0.813 | 0.234 | 0.431 | 1.365 | 0.127 | 0.059 | 0.195 |
PA level ⇒ Reappraisal ⇒ SwL | 0.309 | 0.151 | 0.073 | 0.687 | 0.048 | 0.004 | 0.093 | |
PA level ⇒ Suppression ⇒ SwL | −0.003 | 0.105 | −0.230 | 0.195 | −0.001 | −0.031 | 0.030 | |
Component | PA level ⇒ Self-control | 3.632 | 0.640 | 2.361 | 4.872 | 0.402 | 0.274 | 0.530 |
Self-control ⇒ SwL | 0.224 | 0.051 | 0.128 | 0.329 | 0.317 | 0.189 | 0.444 | |
PA level ⇒ Reappraisal | 1.229 | 0.473 | 0.307 | 2.193 | 0.168 | 0.042 | 0.294 | |
Reappraisal ⇒ SwL | 0.252 | 0.059 | 0.139 | 0.367 | 0.288 | 0.157 | 0.418 | |
PA level ⇒ Suppression | 0.014 | 0.419 | −0.780 | 0.840 | 0.002 | −0.137 | 0.142 | |
Suppression ⇒ SwL | −0.240 | 0.072 | −0.379 | −0.101 | −0.221 | −0.351 | −0.091 | |
Direct | PA level ⇒ SwL | 0.528 | 0.401 | −0.253 | 1.322 | 0.083 | −0.041 | 0.206 |
Total | PA level ⇒ SwL | 1.646 | 0.418 | 0.810 | 2.440 | 0.258 | 0.133 | 0.383 |
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Potoczny, W.; Herzog-Krzywoszańska, R.; Krzywoszański, Ł. Regular Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: Unpacking the Roles of Self-Control and Emotion Regulation. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041878
Potoczny W, Herzog-Krzywoszańska R, Krzywoszański Ł. Regular Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: Unpacking the Roles of Self-Control and Emotion Regulation. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(4):1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041878
Chicago/Turabian StylePotoczny, Wiktor, Radosława Herzog-Krzywoszańska, and Łukasz Krzywoszański. 2025. "Regular Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: Unpacking the Roles of Self-Control and Emotion Regulation" Applied Sciences 15, no. 4: 1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041878
APA StylePotoczny, W., Herzog-Krzywoszańska, R., & Krzywoszański, Ł. (2025). Regular Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: Unpacking the Roles of Self-Control and Emotion Regulation. Applied Sciences, 15(4), 1878. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041878