Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experiment 1
2.2. Experiment 2
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Experiment 1
3.2. Experiment 2
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Farm | Number Cows | DIM | Milk Yield (L/cow/day) | Body Weight (kg/cow) 2 | Grain-Based Concentrate (kg/cow/day) 2 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD 1 | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
1 | 451 | 40 | 192 | 97 | 27.1 | 8 | 555 | 88 | 10 | 3 |
2 | 519 | 50 | 227 | 119 | 21.2 | 6 | - | - | 5 | 1 |
3 | 704 | 33 | 178 | 127 | 24.6 | 8 | - | - | 7 | 2 |
4 | 770 | 41 | 187 | 121 | 26.4 | 8 | - | - | 7 | 2 |
5 | 497 | 5 | 253 | 35 | 13.0 | 3 | - | - | 2 | 1 |
6 | 774 | 36 | 278 | 186 | 15.5 | 5 | 475 | 77 | 4 | 3 |
Farm | Number of Cows | Milk Yield (L/cow/day) | Days in Milk | Grain-Based Concentrate (kg/cow/day) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD 1 | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
1 | 805 | 28.7 | 12.9 | 128 | 127 | 4.3 | 0.6 |
2 | 708 | 23.7 | 12.4 | 311 | 172 | 1.9 | 1.1 |
3 | 724 | 22.9 | 9.8 | 137 | 117 | 4.3 | 0.7 |
Farm | MYdif (%) | MYdif (L/cow/d) | Number of Cattle | Milking Throughput (cows/h) | Milking Duration (h/d) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD 1 | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
1 | 17 | –5.0 | 476 | 115 | 210 | 38 | 2.3 | 0.9 |
2 | 19 | –3.9 | 568 | 172 | 212 | 40 | 2.7 | 0.9 |
3 | 29 | –7.5 | 700 | 111 | 231 | 42 | 3.2 | 0.9 |
4 | 15 | –4.1 | 776 | 118 | 178 | 29 | 4.5 | 0.9 |
5 | 14 | –2.3 | 618 | 82 | 272 | 47 | 2.3 | 0.6 |
6 | 16 | –3.4 | 763 | 210 | 232 | 55 | 3.4 | 1.2 |
Variable | Farm 1 | Farm 2 | Farm 3 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Last | SE 1 | p Value | First | Last | SE | p Value | First | Last | SE | p Value | |
DIM (d) | 300 | 301 | 16.3 | NS | 106 | 107 | 8.4 | NS | 218 | 218 | 5.2 | NS |
Number of lactations | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.46 | NS | 2.1 | 2.3 | 1.38 | NS | 3.0 | 2.5 | 1.84 | NS |
MY (L/d) | 24.6 | 22.8 | 0.54 | * | 30.4 | 27.3 | 0.65 | * | 23.1 | 23.2 | 0.68 | NS |
Fat (%) | 4.2 | 4.4 | 0.08 | NS | 3.7 | 3.8 | 0.07 | NS | 3.7 | 3.5 | 0.06 | * |
Protein (%) | 3.7 | 3.7 | 0.04 | NS | 3.8 | 3.9 | 0.04 | * | 3.7 | 3.6 | 0.03 | * |
Somatic Cell Count (×1000) | 54.7 | 70.5 | 12.42 | NS | 82.0 | 100.6 | 22.88 | NS | 69.2 | 70.6 | 16.48 | NS |
SNF (%) 2 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 0.04 | NS | 9.5 | 9.8 | 0.05 | * | 9.6 | 9.5 | 0.03 | NS |
Lactose (%) | 5.1 | 5.2 | 0.02 | * | 5.0 | 5.0 | 0.02 | † | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0.02 | NS |
Fat yield (kg/d) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.02 | NS | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.02 | † | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.03 | NS |
Protein yield (kg/d) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.02 | * | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.02 | NS | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.02 | NS |
SNF yield (kg/d) | 2.3 | 2.2 | 0.05 | * | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.06 | * | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0.06 | NS |
Lactose yield (kg/d) | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.03 | † | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.03 | * | 1.2 | 1.2 | 8.43 | NS |
Pasture height (cm) | 20.9 | 18.4 | 1.6 | NS | 22.7 | 15.7 | 1.6 | * | 26.9 | 20.4 | 1.6 | * |
Pasture stratum | 11.0 | 10.0 | 0.8 | NS | 12.0 | 8.0 | 0.8 | * | 14.0 | 11.0 | 0.8 | * |
Pasture crude protein (%) | 23.4 | 21.9 | 0.9 | NS | 28.7 | 23.5 | 0.9 | * | 21.2 | 18.1 | 0.9 | * |
ADF (%) 3 | 25.4 | 27.6 | 1.2 | NS | 23.6 | 29.4 | 1.2 | * | 23.6 | 25.8 | 1.2 | NS |
OMD (%) 4 | 68.9 | 68.3 | 0.3 | NS | 69.4 | 67.8 | 0.3 | * | 69.4 | 68.8 | 0.3 | NS |
ME (MJ/kg/DM) 5 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 0.0 | NS | 10.4 | 10.2 | 0.0 | * | 10.5 | 10.4 | 0.0 | NS |
Variable | Farm 1 | Farm 2 | Farm 3 | SE1 | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ryegrass (%) | 89.6 a | 85.5 a | 71.7 b | 1.1 | * |
Clover (%) | 5.8 b | 10.1 ab | 16.1 a | 1.1 | * |
Other species (%) | 4.6 b | 4.3 b | 12.3 a | 1.1 | * |
Area grazed morning paddock (ha) | 4.2 a | 1.1 b | 5.1 a | 0.3 | * |
Pre-grazing height (cm) | 20.9 b | 22.7 ab | 26.9 a | 1.4 | † |
Post-grazing height (cm) | 11.5 | 10.5 | 12.2 | 2.0 | NS |
Pre-grazing mass (kg/DM/ha) | 4022 b | 4162 b | 5641 a | 389 | * |
Post-grazing mass (kg/DM/ha) | 2317 b | 2729 ab | 3688 a | 408 | * |
Herbage allowance (kg DM/cow) | 34.1 a | 11.9 b | 40.1 a | 3.8 | * |
Pasture DMI2 (kg/DM/cow) | 10.2 ab | 4.1 b | 13.9 a | 1.8 | * |
Duration milking (h) | 2.2 b | 1.5 c | 3.0 a | 0.1 | * |
Grain (kg/cow/d) | 1.9 b | 4.2 a | 4.3 a | 0.03 | * |
Grain crude protein (%) | 5.9 | 8.4 | 11.1 | - | - |
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Dias, K.; Garcia, S.; Islam, M.; Clark, C. Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle. Animals 2019, 9, 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9020060
Dias K, Garcia S, Islam M, Clark C. Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle. Animals. 2019; 9(2):60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9020060
Chicago/Turabian StyleDias, Kamila, Sergio Garcia, Mohammed (Rafiq) Islam, and Cameron Clark. 2019. "Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle" Animals 9, no. 2: 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9020060
APA StyleDias, K., Garcia, S., Islam, M., & Clark, C. (2019). Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and the Nutritive Value of Feed Accessed Varies with Milking Order for Pasture-Based Dairy Cattle. Animals, 9(2), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9020060