Genetic Heterogeneity among Chicken Infectious Anemia Viruses Detected in Italian Fowl
1
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
2
CEVA Salute Animale, Via Bartolomeo Colleoni, 15, 20864 Agrate Brianza, MB, Italy
3
Martini S.p.A., Via Emilia, 2614, 47020 Budrio di Longiano, FC, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Animals 2021, 11(4), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11040944
Received: 18 February 2021
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Revised: 20 March 2021
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Accepted: 24 March 2021
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Published: 27 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases)
Simple Summary
Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is an immunosuppressive pathogen of chickens. In the present study field, vaccine-derived CIAV strains were reported to circulate in different types of chicken flocks. Viruses were successfully obtained from non-invasive samples such as feathers and environmental dust. Genome analysis showed that strains had heterogeneous sequences clustered into different genogroups that possessed genetic markers reported to be correlated with CIAV virulence. This survey contributes to the knowledge of field CIAV distribution maps and increases the existing information available on native isolates around the world.
Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is a pathogen of chickens associated with immunosuppression and with a disease named chicken infectious anemia. The present survey reports an epidemiological study on CIAV distribution in Italian broiler, broiler breeder and backyard chicken flocks. Twenty-five strains were detected by a specifically developed nested PCR protocol, and molecularly characterized by partial VP1 gene or complete genome sequencing. Viral DNA amplification was successfully obtained from non-invasive samples such as feathers and environmental dust. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed the circulation of field or potentially vaccine-derived strains with heterogeneous sequences clustered into genogroups II, IIIa, and IIIb. Marker genome positions, reported to be correlated with CIAV virulence, were evaluated in field strains. In conclusion, this is the first survey focused on the molecular characteristics of Italian CIAVs, which have proved to be highly heterogeneous, implementing at the same time a distribution map of field viruses worldwide.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Quaglia, G.; Mescolini, G.; Catelli, E.; Berto, G.; Muccioli, F.; Lupini, C. Genetic Heterogeneity among Chicken Infectious Anemia Viruses Detected in Italian Fowl. Animals 2021, 11, 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11040944
AMA Style
Quaglia G, Mescolini G, Catelli E, Berto G, Muccioli F, Lupini C. Genetic Heterogeneity among Chicken Infectious Anemia Viruses Detected in Italian Fowl. Animals. 2021; 11(4):944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11040944
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuaglia, Giulia, Giulia Mescolini, Elena Catelli, Giacomo Berto, Filippo Muccioli, and Caterina Lupini. 2021. "Genetic Heterogeneity among Chicken Infectious Anemia Viruses Detected in Italian Fowl" Animals 11, no. 4: 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11040944
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