Estimation of the Age and Reproductive Performance of Wild-Born and Escaped Mink (Neovison vison) Caught in the Wild in Denmark
1
Department of Chemistry and Bioscience—Section of Biology and Environmental Science, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
2
Aalborg Zoo, Mølleparkvej 63, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
3
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
4
Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
5
Sektion of Pathobiology, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Animals 2021, 11(1), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010162
Received: 13 November 2020
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Revised: 7 January 2021
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Accepted: 10 January 2021
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Published: 12 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Recent advance in Wildlife Conservation)
Simple Summary
Previous studies of wild caught mink in Denmark showed that 30–80% had recently escaped from farms. Therefore, it is debated whether a self-sustaining feral mink population is established in Denmark or whether the population rests upon a continuous contribution of captive-born farm mink. Knowledge regarding the reproduction and mortality of mink adapted for living in the wild is important for the management of feral mink. In this study, we separated wild-born from captive-born mink caught in the wild in Denmark. To be able to age the mink in this study, an age determination model for mink was developed based on the width of the pulp cavity. The mean litter size of wild-born female mink was 7.6 (range: 5–11 kits). The annual turnover of mink caught in the wild was estimated to be 66%, and the yearly mortality was 69%; thus, the population of wild-born mink is slightly declining. The results confirmed that the wild-born mink population in Denmark is reproducing and self-sustaining without a continuous influx of captive-born mink escaped from farms. The effect of escaped mink on the wild mink population will depend on the currently unknown ability of captive mink to survive in the wild.
The feral mink population in Denmark consists of two groups of animals: mink born in the wild and mink that have recently escaped from farms. The aims of this study were to: (1) estimate the reproductive performance and mortality of the Danish mink born in the wild (wild-born) and mink escaped from farms (captive-born); (2) discuss the likelihood of a self-sustaining population of wild-born mink in Denmark; and (3) model the relationship between the pulp cavity width and the age of mink. During 2018, 247 wild caught mink were sent for necropsy at the Danish National Veterinary Institute. Based on body length, 112 were determined as captive-born and 96 as wild-born. The mean litter size ± SE of wild-born females was 7.6 ± 0.9 (range: 5–11 kits) and for captive-born females 5.9 ± 0.9 (range: 1–10 kits). The relationship between age (in months) of mink and pulp cavity width was highly significant. Individuals with a pulp cavity width of >35% were younger than one year. Based on fecundity, the turnover of the mink population was estimated to be 66%, and the yearly mortality was estimated at 69%. Hence, the population is slightly declining. In conclusion, a feral reproducing mink population in Denmark persists without a continuous influx of captive-born mink from farms.
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Keywords:
placental scars; demography; litter size; fecundity; turnover
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MDPI and ACS Style
Pagh, S.; Pertoldi, C.; Chriel, M.; Petersen, H.H.; Jensen, T.H.; Madsen, S.; Kraft, D.C.E.; Schou, T.M.; Hansen, M.S. Estimation of the Age and Reproductive Performance of Wild-Born and Escaped Mink (Neovison vison) Caught in the Wild in Denmark. Animals 2021, 11, 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010162
AMA Style
Pagh S, Pertoldi C, Chriel M, Petersen HH, Jensen TH, Madsen S, Kraft DCE, Schou TM, Hansen MS. Estimation of the Age and Reproductive Performance of Wild-Born and Escaped Mink (Neovison vison) Caught in the Wild in Denmark. Animals. 2021; 11(1):162. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010162
Chicago/Turabian StylePagh, Sussie, Cino Pertoldi, Mariann Chriel, Heidi H. Petersen, Trine H. Jensen, Sussi Madsen, David C.E. Kraft, Toke M. Schou, and Mette S. Hansen. 2021. "Estimation of the Age and Reproductive Performance of Wild-Born and Escaped Mink (Neovison vison) Caught in the Wild in Denmark" Animals 11, no. 1: 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010162
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