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Article

Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity

1
Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
2
TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
3
Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(11), 2120; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112120
Submission received: 30 September 2022 / Revised: 15 October 2022 / Accepted: 21 October 2022 / Published: 26 October 2022

Abstract

Interpretation of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for foodborne outbreak investigations is complex, as the genetic diversity within processing plants and transmission events need to be considered. In this study, we analyzed 92 food-associated Listeria monocytogenes isolates by WGS-based methods. We aimed to examine the genetic diversity within meat and fish production chains and to assess the applicability of suggested thresholds for clustering of potentially related isolates. Therefore, meat-associated isolates originating from the same samples or processing plants as well as fish-associated isolates were analyzed as distinct sets. In silico serogrouping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome MLST (cgMLST), and pangenome analysis were combined with screenings for prophages and genetic traits. Isolates of the same subtypes (cgMLST types (CTs) or MLST sequence types (STs)) were additionally compared by SNP calling. This revealed the occurrence of more than one CT within all three investigated plants and within two samples. Analysis of the fish set resulted in predominant assignment of isolates from pangasius catfish and salmon to ST2 and ST121, respectively, potentially indicating persistence within the respective production chains. The approach not only allowed the detection of distinct subtypes but also the determination of differences between closely related isolates, which need to be considered when interpreting WGS data for surveillance.
Keywords: cgMLST; pangenome; SNP calling; genetic diversity; processing plants; outbreak; fish; ST382 cgMLST; pangenome; SNP calling; genetic diversity; processing plants; outbreak; fish; ST382

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MDPI and ACS Style

Murr, L.; Huber, I.; Pavlovic, M.; Guertler, P.; Messelhaeusser, U.; Weiss, M.; Ehrmann, M.; Tuschak, C.; Bauer, H.; Wenning, M.; et al. Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 2120. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112120

AMA Style

Murr L, Huber I, Pavlovic M, Guertler P, Messelhaeusser U, Weiss M, Ehrmann M, Tuschak C, Bauer H, Wenning M, et al. Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(11):2120. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112120

Chicago/Turabian Style

Murr, Larissa, Ingrid Huber, Melanie Pavlovic, Patrick Guertler, Ute Messelhaeusser, Manuela Weiss, Matthias Ehrmann, Christian Tuschak, Hans Bauer, Mareike Wenning, and et al. 2022. "Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity" Microorganisms 10, no. 11: 2120. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112120

APA Style

Murr, L., Huber, I., Pavlovic, M., Guertler, P., Messelhaeusser, U., Weiss, M., Ehrmann, M., Tuschak, C., Bauer, H., Wenning, M., Busch, U., & Bretschneider, N. (2022). Whole-Genome Sequence Comparisons of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Meat and Fish Reveal High Inter- and Intra-Sample Diversity. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2120. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112120

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