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Review

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of HBsAg and HIV and HCV Antibodies among People Who Inject Drugs and Female Sex Workers

by
Roya Rashti
1,
Heidar Sharafi
2,
Seyed Moayed Alavian
3,
Yousef Moradi
4,
Amjad Mohamadi Bolbanabad
1 and
Ghobad Moradi
1,*
1
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6617713446, Iran
2
Middle East Liver Diseases Center, Tehran 1598976513, Iran
3
Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Middle East Liver Disease Center, Tehran 1598976513, Iran
4
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2020, 9(6), 432; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060432
Submission received: 22 February 2020 / Revised: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 29 May 2020 / Published: 31 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Elimination of Viral Hepatitis)
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Abstract

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and their co-infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) and female sex workers (FSWs). Data sources were searched from January 2008 to October 2018 in different databases. Data were analyzed in Stata 16 software using the Metaprop command. The results showed that the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV among PWID was 15%, 60% and 6%, respectively. The prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV among FSWs was 5%, 1% and 3%, respectively. The prevalence of HIV/HCV, HIV/HBV, HCV/HBV and HIV/HCV/HBV co-infections among PWID was 13%, 2%, 3% and 2%, respectively. The prevalence of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV co-infections among FSWs was 3% and 1%, respectively. The results show that the prevalence of HCV and HIV infections in PWID and the prevalence of HIV in FSWs is higher than their prevalence in the general population. Interventions for the prevention of HIV and HCV in PWID appear to be poor, and may not be sufficient to effectively prevent HIV and HCV transmission.
Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hepatitis C virus (HCV); hepatitis B virus (HBV); people who inject drugs (PWID); female sex workers (FSWs); Co-infection human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hepatitis C virus (HCV); hepatitis B virus (HBV); people who inject drugs (PWID); female sex workers (FSWs); Co-infection

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rashti, R.; Sharafi, H.; Alavian, S.M.; Moradi, Y.; Mohamadi Bolbanabad, A.; Moradi, G. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of HBsAg and HIV and HCV Antibodies among People Who Inject Drugs and Female Sex Workers. Pathogens 2020, 9, 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060432

AMA Style

Rashti R, Sharafi H, Alavian SM, Moradi Y, Mohamadi Bolbanabad A, Moradi G. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of HBsAg and HIV and HCV Antibodies among People Who Inject Drugs and Female Sex Workers. Pathogens. 2020; 9(6):432. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060432

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rashti, Roya, Heidar Sharafi, Seyed Moayed Alavian, Yousef Moradi, Amjad Mohamadi Bolbanabad, and Ghobad Moradi. 2020. "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of HBsAg and HIV and HCV Antibodies among People Who Inject Drugs and Female Sex Workers" Pathogens 9, no. 6: 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060432

APA Style

Rashti, R., Sharafi, H., Alavian, S. M., Moradi, Y., Mohamadi Bolbanabad, A., & Moradi, G. (2020). Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Prevalence of HBsAg and HIV and HCV Antibodies among People Who Inject Drugs and Female Sex Workers. Pathogens, 9(6), 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060432

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