Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Structural Configuration of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams
3. Formulation and Validation of the Dynamic Analytical Model for Composite Beams
3.1. Dynamic Testing of Steel–Concrete Double-Layer Composite Beams
3.1.1. Test Design
3.1.2. Test Scheme
3.1.3. Test Result
3.2. Establishment and Validation of a Dynamic Analysis Model for Steel–Concrete Composite Beams
4. Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams
4.1. Shear Stiffness Effect
4.2. Connector Arrangement
4.3. The Effect of Concrete Slab and Steel Beam Size
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The vibration characteristics analysis demonstrates that the natural frequencies of triple-layer steel–concrete composite beams exhibit a distinct two-stage increasing pattern with the enhancement in shear stiffness in interlayer connectors. Specifically, the frequency shows rapid growth during the initial stiffness increase phase, then transitions to a gradual growth phase upon reaching a critical stiffness threshold.
- (2)
- For CSC-type simply supported composite beams, the fundamental vertical vibration frequency increases by 37.82% when achieving full shear connection at both interfaces compared to the unconnected state, while the two-equal-span continuous beams show a 38.06% improvement. However, significant differences remain between the fully shear-connected state and theoretical rigid-bonding condition, with frequency discrepancies of 24.69% for simply supported beams and 24.07% for continuous beams. Notably, CCS-type simply supported beams display a 12.07% frequency increase with full concrete-to-concrete connection, exceeding even the theoretical rigid-bonding frequency value.
- (3)
- The structural parameters influencing dynamic performance are prioritized as follows: steel flange plate thickness (most significant), followed by concrete slab width and thickness, with steel web thickness showing a relatively minor effect.
- (4)
- The non-uniformity of the longitudinal connector arrangement considerably affects the dynamic characteristics, while the transverse arrangement pattern demonstrates limited influence.
- (5)
- The fundamental vertical vibration frequency presents a two-stage decreasing trend with an increasing span-to-depth ratio. Considering both stability and dynamic performance requirements, a minimum span-to-depth ratio of 10 is recommended for triple-layer steel–concrete composite beams.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Shear Connection Degree | 100% Shear Connection Degree | 75% Shear Connection Degree | 50% Shear Connection Degree |
---|---|---|---|
Number | FB-1 | PB-1 | PB-2 |
Beam length (mm) | 3200 | ||
Steel beam (mm) | HM 200 × 194 × 6 × 9 hot-rolled H-beam | ||
Steel beam rib plate (mm) | 8 ribs on both sides of the web, with a size of 194 × 75 × 6 and a spacing of 1000 | ||
Concrete slab (mm) | Strength C50, size 500 × 80 | ||
Stud (mm) | Φ 10, height 30 | ||
Longitudinal spacing of studs (mm) | 250 | 250, 500 | 500 |
Transverse spacing of studs (mm) | 80 | ||
Number of studs | 26 | 18 | 14 |
Transverse reinforcement (mm) | Φ 6@120, HPB235 | ||
Longitudinal reinforcement (mm) | Φ 10@90, HPB235 |
Number | FB-1 | PB-1 | PB-2 |
---|---|---|---|
Shear connection degree | 1.04 | 0.72 | 0.56 |
First-order vertical vibration frequency (Hz) | 45.77 | 44.28 | 41.88 |
First-order torsional vibration frequency (Hz) | 54.73 | 52.24 | 47.51 |
Number | FB-1 | PB-1 | PB-2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Modeling | Error | Modeling | Error | Modeling | Error | |
First-order vertical vibration frequency (Hz) | 45.28 | 1.07% | 44.94 | 1.49% | 41.07 | 1.93% |
First-order torsional vibration frequency (Hz) | 54.67 | 0.11% | 56.32 | 5.79% | 46.20 | 2.76% |
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Yan, L.; Cao, L.; He, Y.; Han, X.; Cao, M.; Yan, B.; You, Y.; Li, B. Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams. Buildings 2025, 15, 1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15081347
Yan L, Cao L, He Y, Han X, Cao M, Yan B, You Y, Li B. Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams. Buildings. 2025; 15(8):1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15081347
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan, Longbiao, Long Cao, Yikuan He, Xu Han, Mingsheng Cao, Bingchuan Yan, Yachen You, and Benyuan Li. 2025. "Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams" Buildings 15, no. 8: 1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15081347
APA StyleYan, L., Cao, L., He, Y., Han, X., Cao, M., Yan, B., You, Y., & Li, B. (2025). Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Three-Layer Steel–Concrete Composite Beams. Buildings, 15(8), 1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15081347