Next Article in Journal
The Role of Mucins in Esophageal Inflammatory Diseases
Next Article in Special Issue
One Score Fits All? A Narrative Review on Early Warning Scores for Older Adults in the Emergency Department in the Era of Personalized Medicine
Previous Article in Journal
Carotid Restenosis: Incidence, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Options
Previous Article in Special Issue
Association of oXiris® Therapy with Lower Vasopressor Requirements and Modulation of Hemodynamic, Inflammatory, and Perfusion Markers in Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
JPM
Volume 16
Issue 2
10.3390/jpm16020092
jpm-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Review

Deep Biological Clocks in Critical Care Medicine: A Scoping Review Toward Translational Precision Care

by
Ithamar Cheyne
1,*,†,
Magdalena Voinič
1,†,
Tara Radaideh
1,
Abdullah Daher
1,
Julia Niezgoda
1,
Maja Anna Romanowska
1 and
Małgorzata Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz
1,2
1
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Scientific Circle English Division (ANKONA ED), Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Pers. Med. 2026, 16(2), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020092
Submission received: 29 December 2025 / Revised: 19 January 2026 / Accepted: 2 February 2026 / Published: 4 February 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergency and Critical Care in the Context of Personalized Medicine)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Outcomes after critical illness vary markedly despite similar diagnoses and severity scores, underscoring the limitations of chronological age and conventional Intensive Care Unit (ICU) prognostic tools. Personalization of critical care is increasingly essential to improve not only short-term survival but also long-term post-discharge outcomes. Biological aging clocks provide a quantitative framework to capture physiological reserve, immune competence, and vulnerability to stress. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of original human studies published between January 2015 and October 2025 that evaluated biological aging biomarkers in adult ICU populations. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched, with backward citation screening. Results: Across epigenetic, telomere-based, cfDNA, proteomic, metabolomic, and phenotypic aging measures, accelerated biological aging was consistently associated with increased mortality, organ dysfunction, and post-ICU vulnerability. Despite substantial methodological heterogeneity, a convergent signal emerged linking inflammation-weighted and stress-responsive deep biological clocks to clinically meaningful outcomes in critically ill patients. Conclusions: Biological aging biomarkers represent a mechanistically grounded approach to personalized prognostication in critical care. From a translational perspective, deep biological clocks hold promise for personalized risk stratification, prognostication, and the identification of high-risk recovery phenotypes, although prospective validation and implementation studies are required.
Keywords: intensive care units; aging; DNA methylation; telomere length; cell-free DNA; epigenomics; critical illness; sepsis; prognosis; precision medicine intensive care units; aging; DNA methylation; telomere length; cell-free DNA; epigenomics; critical illness; sepsis; prognosis; precision medicine
Graphical Abstract

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Cheyne, I.; Voinič, M.; Radaideh, T.; Daher, A.; Niezgoda, J.; Romanowska, M.A.; Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M. Deep Biological Clocks in Critical Care Medicine: A Scoping Review Toward Translational Precision Care. J. Pers. Med. 2026, 16, 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020092

AMA Style

Cheyne I, Voinič M, Radaideh T, Daher A, Niezgoda J, Romanowska MA, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M. Deep Biological Clocks in Critical Care Medicine: A Scoping Review Toward Translational Precision Care. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2026; 16(2):92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020092

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheyne, Ithamar, Magdalena Voinič, Tara Radaideh, Abdullah Daher, Julia Niezgoda, Maja Anna Romanowska, and Małgorzata Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz. 2026. "Deep Biological Clocks in Critical Care Medicine: A Scoping Review Toward Translational Precision Care" Journal of Personalized Medicine 16, no. 2: 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020092

APA Style

Cheyne, I., Voinič, M., Radaideh, T., Daher, A., Niezgoda, J., Romanowska, M. A., & Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M. (2026). Deep Biological Clocks in Critical Care Medicine: A Scoping Review Toward Translational Precision Care. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 16(2), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020092

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop