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10.3390/diagnostics10110949
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Article

Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors

by
Younosuke Sato
1,
Isamu Okamoto
2,
Hiroki Kameyama
3,
Shinji Kudoh
1,
Haruki Saito
1,4,
Mune Sanada
1,5,
Noritaka Kudo
1,
Joeji Wakimoto
6,
Kosuke Fujino
5,
Yuki Ikematsu
2,
Kentaro Tanaka
2,
Ayako Nishikawa
1,
Ryo Sakaguchi
1 and
Takaaki Ito
1,*
1
Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
2
Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
3
Department of Medical Examination, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan
4
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
5
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
6
National Hospital Organization Minami-Kyushu National Hospital, Kagoshima 899-5293, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2020, 10(11), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110949
Submission received: 21 October 2020 / Revised: 9 November 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 / Published: 13 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lung Cancer Molecular Pathology)
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Abstract

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignant cancer that is classified into four subtypes based on the expression of the following key transcription and co-transcription factors: ASCL1, NEUROD1, YAP1, and POU2F3. The protein expression levels of these key molecules may be important for the formation of SCLC characteristics in a molecular subtype-specific manner. We expect that immunohistochemistry (IHC) of these molecules may facilitate the diagnosis of the specific SCLC molecular subtype and aid in the appropriate selection of individualized treatments. We attempted IHC of the four key factors and 26 candidate SCLC target molecules selected from the gene expression omnibus datasets of 47 SCLC samples, which were grouped based on positive or negative results for the four key molecules. We examined differences in the expression levels of the candidate targets and key molecules. ASCL1 showed the highest positive rate in SCLC samples, and significant differences were observed in the expression levels of some target molecules between the ASCL1-positive and ASCL1-negative groups. Furthermore, the four key molecules were coordinately and simultaneously expressed in SCLC cells. An IHC study of ASCL1-positive samples showed many candidate SCLC target molecules, and IHC could become an essential method for determining SCLC molecular subtypes.
Keywords: small-cell lung cancer; immunohistochemistry; ASCL1; NEUROD1; YAP1; POU2F3 small-cell lung cancer; immunohistochemistry; ASCL1; NEUROD1; YAP1; POU2F3

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sato, Y.; Okamoto, I.; Kameyama, H.; Kudoh, S.; Saito, H.; Sanada, M.; Kudo, N.; Wakimoto, J.; Fujino, K.; Ikematsu, Y.; et al. Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110949

AMA Style

Sato Y, Okamoto I, Kameyama H, Kudoh S, Saito H, Sanada M, Kudo N, Wakimoto J, Fujino K, Ikematsu Y, et al. Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(11):949. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110949

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sato, Younosuke, Isamu Okamoto, Hiroki Kameyama, Shinji Kudoh, Haruki Saito, Mune Sanada, Noritaka Kudo, Joeji Wakimoto, Kosuke Fujino, Yuki Ikematsu, and et al. 2020. "Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors" Diagnostics 10, no. 11: 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110949

APA Style

Sato, Y., Okamoto, I., Kameyama, H., Kudoh, S., Saito, H., Sanada, M., Kudo, N., Wakimoto, J., Fujino, K., Ikematsu, Y., Tanaka, K., Nishikawa, A., Sakaguchi, R., & Ito, T. (2020). Integrated Immunohistochemical Study on Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Focusing on Transcription and Co-Transcription Factors. Diagnostics, 10(11), 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110949

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