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Article

Effects of Asparagus Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial

by
Jittima Mongraykang
1,
Tadsawiya Padkao
2,
Orachorn Boonla
2,
Yothin Teethaisong
2,
Thapanee Roengrit
3,
Sukrisd Koowattanatianchai
4 and
Piyapong Prasertsri
2,*
1
National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
2
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
3
Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
4
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Burapha Hospital, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131,Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2025, 15(10), 1584; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101584
Submission received: 3 September 2025 / Revised: 29 September 2025 / Accepted: 8 October 2025 / Published: 10 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Chronic Diseases)

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of asparagus powder supplementation on blood glucose regulation, insulin, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese individuals. Forty-four adults aged 18–59 years participated in a 12-week randomized controlled trial and were randomly assigned to receive either asparagus powder (40 mg/kg/day) or a placebo (maltodextrin, 40 mg/kg/day). Assessments included an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-B), lipid profile, and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl, and superoxide dismutase [SOD]). In the asparagus group, OGTT at 30 min and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly decreased, while SOD activity significantly increased (all p < 0.05). In contrast, the placebo group showed significant increases in OGTT at 30 min, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, triglycerides (TG), the TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and the total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (all p < 0.05). Between-group comparisons indicated that FBG, area under the BG curve at 30–120 min, TG, TG/HDL-C, and MDA levels were significantly lower in the asparagus group than in the placebo group (all p < 0.05), whereas OGTT, LDL-C, SOD activity, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, and TC/HDL-C did not differ significantly. Other indices, including TC, HDL-C, and protein carbonyl, showed no significant within- or between-group differences. In conclusion, 12 weeks of asparagus powder supplementation partially improved glycemic control, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese individuals. These findings suggest a potential role of asparagus as a complementary nutritional strategy to reduce the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in this population.
Keywords: antioxidant; diabetes; obesity; phytochemical nutrient antioxidant; diabetes; obesity; phytochemical nutrient

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mongraykang, J.; Padkao, T.; Boonla, O.; Teethaisong, Y.; Roengrit, T.; Koowattanatianchai, S.; Prasertsri, P. Effects of Asparagus Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. Life 2025, 15, 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101584

AMA Style

Mongraykang J, Padkao T, Boonla O, Teethaisong Y, Roengrit T, Koowattanatianchai S, Prasertsri P. Effects of Asparagus Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. Life. 2025; 15(10):1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101584

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mongraykang, Jittima, Tadsawiya Padkao, Orachorn Boonla, Yothin Teethaisong, Thapanee Roengrit, Sukrisd Koowattanatianchai, and Piyapong Prasertsri. 2025. "Effects of Asparagus Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial" Life 15, no. 10: 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101584

APA Style

Mongraykang, J., Padkao, T., Boonla, O., Teethaisong, Y., Roengrit, T., Koowattanatianchai, S., & Prasertsri, P. (2025). Effects of Asparagus Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial. Life, 15(10), 1584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101584

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