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Article

Additive Effect of the Composition of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on Systemic Resistance of Wheat against Greenbug Aphid Schizaphis graminum Due to Lipopeptides

by
Sergey D. Rumyantsev
,
Valentin Y. Alekseev
,
Antonina V. Sorokan
,
Guzel F. Burkhanova
,
Ekaterina A. Cherepanova
,
Ravil R. Garafutdinov
,
Igor V. Maksimov
and
Svetlana V. Veselova
*
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2023, 13(1), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010214
Submission received: 15 November 2022 / Revised: 31 December 2022 / Accepted: 9 January 2023 / Published: 11 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Defensive Biochemical Activity)
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Abstract

The use of biocontrol agents based on endophytic bacteria against phloem-feeding insects is limited by a lack of knowledge and understanding of the mechanism of action of the endophyte community that makes up the plant microbiome. In this work, the mechanisms of the additive action of endophytic strains B. subtilis 26D and B. subtilis 11VM on the resistance of bread spring wheat against greenbug aphid Schizaphis graminum, was studied. It was shown that B. subtilis 26D secreted lipopeptide surfactin and phytohormones cytokinins, and B. subtilis 11VM produced iturin and auxins into the cultivation medium. Both strains and their lipopeptide-rich fractions showed direct aphicidal activity against greenbug aphid. For the first time, it was shown that B. subtilis 26D and B. subtilis 11VM in the same manner, as well as their lipopeptide-rich fractions, activated the expression of salicylate- and ethylene-dependent PR genes, and influenced plant redox metabolism, which led to an increase in plant endurance against aphids. The composition of endophytic strains B. subtilis 26D + B. subtilis 11VM had an additive effect on plant resistance to aphids due to an increase in the number of endophytic bacterial cells, and, as well as due to the synergistic effect of their mixture of lipopeptides − surfactin + iturin, both on the aphid mortality and on the expression of PR1 and PR3 genes. All these factors can be the reason for the observed increase in the growth of plants affected by aphids under the influence of B. subtilis 26D and B. subtilis 11VM, individually and in composition. The study demonstrates the possibility of creating in the future an artificial composition to enhance plant microbiome with endophytic bacteria, which combines growth-promoting and plant immunity stimulating properties against phloem-feeding insects. This direction is one of the most promising approaches to green pesticide discovery in the future.
Keywords: endophytes; lipopeptides; surfactin; iturin; phloem-feeding insects; aphicidal activity; additive effect; phytohormones; PR genes; induced systemic resistance (ISR) endophytes; lipopeptides; surfactin; iturin; phloem-feeding insects; aphicidal activity; additive effect; phytohormones; PR genes; induced systemic resistance (ISR)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rumyantsev, S.D.; Alekseev, V.Y.; Sorokan, A.V.; Burkhanova, G.F.; Cherepanova, E.A.; Garafutdinov, R.R.; Maksimov, I.V.; Veselova, S.V. Additive Effect of the Composition of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on Systemic Resistance of Wheat against Greenbug Aphid Schizaphis graminum Due to Lipopeptides. Life 2023, 13, 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010214

AMA Style

Rumyantsev SD, Alekseev VY, Sorokan AV, Burkhanova GF, Cherepanova EA, Garafutdinov RR, Maksimov IV, Veselova SV. Additive Effect of the Composition of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on Systemic Resistance of Wheat against Greenbug Aphid Schizaphis graminum Due to Lipopeptides. Life. 2023; 13(1):214. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010214

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rumyantsev, Sergey D., Valentin Y. Alekseev, Antonina V. Sorokan, Guzel F. Burkhanova, Ekaterina A. Cherepanova, Ravil R. Garafutdinov, Igor V. Maksimov, and Svetlana V. Veselova. 2023. "Additive Effect of the Composition of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on Systemic Resistance of Wheat against Greenbug Aphid Schizaphis graminum Due to Lipopeptides" Life 13, no. 1: 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010214

APA Style

Rumyantsev, S. D., Alekseev, V. Y., Sorokan, A. V., Burkhanova, G. F., Cherepanova, E. A., Garafutdinov, R. R., Maksimov, I. V., & Veselova, S. V. (2023). Additive Effect of the Composition of Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on Systemic Resistance of Wheat against Greenbug Aphid Schizaphis graminum Due to Lipopeptides. Life, 13(1), 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010214

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