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10.3390/life12060909
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Case Report

An Outbreak of Human Systemic Anthrax, including One Case of Anthrax Meningitis, Occurred in Calabria Region (Italy): A Description of a Successful One Health Approach

by
Maurizio Guastalegname
1,
Valeria Rondinone
2,*,
Giuseppe Lucifora
3,
Alfredo Vallone
1,
Laura D’Argenio
1,
Giovanni Petracca
4,
Antonia Giordano
5,
Luigina Serrecchia
2,
Viviana Manzulli
2,
Lorenzo Pace
2,
Antonio Fasanella
2,
Domenico Simone
2,
Dora Cipolletta
2 and
Domenico Galante
2
1
Infectious Diseases Unit, Jazzolino Hospital, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy
2
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy
3
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Italy
4
Surgery Unit, Jazzolino Hospital, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy
5
Department of Prevention, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Vibo Valentia, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2022, 12(6), 909; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060909
Submission received: 31 May 2022 / Revised: 13 June 2022 / Accepted: 14 June 2022 / Published: 17 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Microbiology)
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Abstract

In this report, three cases of human cutaneous anthrax are described, one complicated by meningitis, and all were linked to a single infected bullock. A 41-year-old male truck driver, along with two male slaughterhouse workers, 45 and 42, were hospitalized for necrotic lesions of the arm associated with edema of the limb and high fever. All three patients were involved in transporting a bullock to the slaughterhouse. Microbiological examination on the prescapular lymph node and a piece of muscle from the bullock carcass showed the presence of Bacillus anthracis. The three patients underwent a biopsy of the affected tissues, and all samples tested positive for B. anthracis DNA using PCR. Furthermore, the truck driver also complained of an intense headache, and a CSF sampling was performed, showing him positive for B. anthracis by PCR, confirming the presumptive diagnosis of meningitis. Fast diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for the management of human anthrax. Cooperation between human and veterinary medicine proved successful in diagnosing and resolving three human anthrax cases, confirming the reliability of the One Health approach for the surveillance of zoonoses.
Keywords: Bacillus anthracis; One Health; cutaneous anthrax; meningitis; antibiotic treatment; epidemiology Bacillus anthracis; One Health; cutaneous anthrax; meningitis; antibiotic treatment; epidemiology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Guastalegname, M.; Rondinone, V.; Lucifora, G.; Vallone, A.; D’Argenio, L.; Petracca, G.; Giordano, A.; Serrecchia, L.; Manzulli, V.; Pace, L.; et al. An Outbreak of Human Systemic Anthrax, including One Case of Anthrax Meningitis, Occurred in Calabria Region (Italy): A Description of a Successful One Health Approach. Life 2022, 12, 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060909

AMA Style

Guastalegname M, Rondinone V, Lucifora G, Vallone A, D’Argenio L, Petracca G, Giordano A, Serrecchia L, Manzulli V, Pace L, et al. An Outbreak of Human Systemic Anthrax, including One Case of Anthrax Meningitis, Occurred in Calabria Region (Italy): A Description of a Successful One Health Approach. Life. 2022; 12(6):909. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060909

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guastalegname, Maurizio, Valeria Rondinone, Giuseppe Lucifora, Alfredo Vallone, Laura D’Argenio, Giovanni Petracca, Antonia Giordano, Luigina Serrecchia, Viviana Manzulli, Lorenzo Pace, and et al. 2022. "An Outbreak of Human Systemic Anthrax, including One Case of Anthrax Meningitis, Occurred in Calabria Region (Italy): A Description of a Successful One Health Approach" Life 12, no. 6: 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060909

APA Style

Guastalegname, M., Rondinone, V., Lucifora, G., Vallone, A., D’Argenio, L., Petracca, G., Giordano, A., Serrecchia, L., Manzulli, V., Pace, L., Fasanella, A., Simone, D., Cipolletta, D., & Galante, D. (2022). An Outbreak of Human Systemic Anthrax, including One Case of Anthrax Meningitis, Occurred in Calabria Region (Italy): A Description of a Successful One Health Approach. Life, 12(6), 909. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060909

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