Preventive Moderate Continuous Running-Exercise Conditioning Improves the Healing of Non-Critical Size Bone Defects in Male Wistar Rats: A Pilot Study Using µCT
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Body Parameters, Food and Water Follow-Up
2.4. Exercise Training Protocols
2.5. Non-Critical Sized Bone Defect Surgery
2.5.1. Anesthesia
2.5.2. Surgical Procedure
2.6. Postoperative Microcomputed Tomography (µCT) and Computation
2.6.1. µCT Settings
2.6.2. µCT Reconstruction and Data Computation
2.7. Blood Analyses
2.8. Data Analysis and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Body Parameters, Food and Water Consumption
3.2. Exercise Training
3.3. Microcomputed Tomography Bone Formation and Bone Mineral Density Assessment
3.4. Blood Analysis Parameters
4. Discussion
4.1. Preemptive MCR Improves Bone Healing Tissue Microarchitecture and Mineral Density
4.2. Effects of Preemptive MCR on Bone Healing Depend on the Bone Studied
4.3. Putative Explanations Pertaining to the Positive Effects of MCR on Bone Healing
4.4. Limitations
4.5. Perspectives in Humans
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SED | EX | p Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Weight (g) | T0 | 195 ± 9 | 207 ± 8 | p = 0.001 |
T8 | 469 ± 41 | 495 ± 43 | p = 0.14 | |
T12 | 521 ± 50 | 557 ± 29 | p = 0.08 | |
Length (cm) | T0 | 19.4 ± 0.6 | 20.6 ± 0.7 | p = 0.001 |
T12 | 27.0 ± 1.0 | 27.5 ± 0.9 | p = 0.35 | |
BMI (g/cm2) | T0 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.49 ± 0.05 | p = 0.1 |
T12 | 0.71 ± 0.05 | 0.74 ± 0.04 | p = 0.5 | |
MAS (m/min) | T1 | 23.4 ± 11.3 | 29.2 ± 7.9 | p = 0.11 |
Bones | Groups | Time-Points | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T9 | T10 | T11 | T12 | |||
BV/TV (%) | Tibia | SED | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 1.1 | 12.7 ± 3.3 | 16.3 ± 4.0 ¶ |
EX | 2.9 ± 1.6 | 13.4 ± 4.1 ¥ | 24.8 ± 6.8 ¥ | 34.2 ± 12.3 ¥ ¶ | ||
Femur | SED | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 10.4 ± 1.0 | 12.2 ± 1.8 | 15.9 ± 2.9 ¶ | |
EX | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 11.1 ± 1.8 | 13.0 ± 2.4 | 22.0 ± 5.6 ¶ | ||
BS/BV (1/mm) | Tibia | SED | 57.6 ± 11.4 | 47.6 ± 9.3 ¥ | 34.5 ± 6.1¥ | 21.7 ± 3.4 ¥ ¶ |
EX | 70.6 ± 26.6 | 43.6 ± 3.9 ¥ | 31.9 ± 8.7 ¥ | 16.4 ± 5.0 ¥ ¶ | ||
Femur | SED | 58.9 ± 10.7 | 43.0 ± 8.3 ¥ | 39.1 ± 6.8 | 22.8 ± 3.8 ¥ ¶ | |
EX | 58.0 ± 7.4 | 44.3 ± 3.5 ¥ | 40.8 ± 5.2 | 20.3 ± 3.6 ¥ ¶ | ||
SMI | Tibia | SED | 2.78 ± 0.47 | 2.38 ± 0.18 ¥ | 2.28 ± 0.24 | 2.01 ± 0.28 ¥ ¶ |
EX | 2.83 ± 0.15 | 2.40 ± 0.37 ¥ | 2.35 ± 0.56 | 1.97 ± 0.63 ¥ ¶ | ||
Femur | SED | 2.42 ± 0.21 | 2.43 ± 0.27 | 2.31 ± 0.19 | 2.06 ± 0.68 ¥ ¶ | |
EX | 2.54 ± 0.14 | 2.41 ± 0.27 | 2.57 ± 0.17 | 1.76 ± 0.36 ¥ ¶ | ||
Tb.Pf (1/mm) | Tibia | SED | 23.09 ± 9.02 | 12.75 ± 3.20 ¥ | 9.56 ± 2.30 | 5.66 ± 1.48 ¶ |
EX | 25.16 ± 6.75 | 12.02 ± 4.89 | 5.33 ± 5.50 | 3.59 ± 2.04 ¶ | ||
Femur | SED | 17.71 ± 5.55 | 12.46 ± 3.57 ¥ | 10.19 ± 3.37 ¥ | 4.57 ± 1.82 ¶ | |
EX | 19.03 ± 3.03 | 12.26 ± 3.66 ¥ | 12.44 ± 1.74 ¥ | 2.98 ± 1.89 ¶ | ||
BMD (mg HA/cm3) | Tibia | SED | 125.4 ± 28. | |||
EX | 108.1 ± 11.6 | |||||
Femur | SED | 107.8 ± 5.1 | ||||
EX | 114.0 ± 9.2 * |
Parameters | SED | EX |
---|---|---|
ALP (IU/L) | 256 ± 113 | 244 ± 31 |
NTx (ng/mL) | 52 ± 6 | 44 ± 6 * |
PTH (pg/mL) | 94 ± 86 | 200 ± 158 |
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Bourzac, C.; Bensidhoum, M.; Manassero, M.; Chappard, C.; Michoux, N.; Pallu, S.; Portier, H. Preventive Moderate Continuous Running-Exercise Conditioning Improves the Healing of Non-Critical Size Bone Defects in Male Wistar Rats: A Pilot Study Using µCT. Life 2020, 10, 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10120308
Bourzac C, Bensidhoum M, Manassero M, Chappard C, Michoux N, Pallu S, Portier H. Preventive Moderate Continuous Running-Exercise Conditioning Improves the Healing of Non-Critical Size Bone Defects in Male Wistar Rats: A Pilot Study Using µCT. Life. 2020; 10(12):308. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10120308
Chicago/Turabian StyleBourzac, Céline, Morad Bensidhoum, Mathieu Manassero, Christine Chappard, Nicolas Michoux, Stéphane Pallu, and Hugues Portier. 2020. "Preventive Moderate Continuous Running-Exercise Conditioning Improves the Healing of Non-Critical Size Bone Defects in Male Wistar Rats: A Pilot Study Using µCT" Life 10, no. 12: 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10120308