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Volume 15
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10.3390/min15080784
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Late Permian Linxi Formation in the Songliao Basin, China: Tectonic Implications for the Paleo-Asian Ocean

by
Xin Huang
1,2,
Haihua Zhang
1,2,3,*,
Liang Qiu
4,*,
Gongjian Li
4,5,
Yujin Zhang
1,2,
Wei Chen
1,2,
Shuwang Chen
1,2 and
Yuejuan Zheng
1,2
1
Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China
2
Observation and Reseach Station of Mesozoic Stratigraphic System in western Liaoning, MNR, Shenyang 110034, China
3
CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
4
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
5
Journal Center, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2025, 15(8), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080784
Submission received: 16 June 2025 / Revised: 17 July 2025 / Accepted: 22 July 2025 / Published: 25 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 7th National Youth Geological Congress)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) represents a crucial area for understanding the tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and surrounding orogenic systems. This study investigates the petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry of volcanic and clastic rocks from Well HFD3 in the northern Songliao Basin, which provides key insights into the tectonic development of this region. Zircon U–Pb dating of tuff samples from the Linxi Formation provides an accurate age of 251.1 ± 1.1 Ma, corresponding to the late Permian. Geochemical analyses show that the clastic rocks are rich in SiO2 (63.5%) and Al2O3 (13.7%), with lower K2O/Na2O ratios (0.01–1.55), suggesting low compositional maturity. Additionally, the trace element data reveal enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and depletion in Nb, Sr, and Ta, with a negative Eu anomaly, which indicates a felsic volcanic arc origin. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values (53.2–65.8) reflect weak chemical weathering, consistent with cold and dry paleo-climatic conditions. These findings suggest that the Linxi Formation clastic rocks are derived from felsic volcanic arcs in an active continental margin environment, linked to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean slab. The sedimentary conditions reflect a gradual transition from brackish to freshwater environments, corresponding with the final stages of subduction or the onset of orogeny.
Keywords: Linxi Formation; Songliao Basin; isotopic age; geochemistry; tectonic significance; Paleo-Asian Ocean Linxi Formation; Songliao Basin; isotopic age; geochemistry; tectonic significance; Paleo-Asian Ocean

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MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, X.; Zhang, H.; Qiu, L.; Li, G.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, W.; Chen, S.; Zheng, Y. Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Late Permian Linxi Formation in the Songliao Basin, China: Tectonic Implications for the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Minerals 2025, 15, 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080784

AMA Style

Huang X, Zhang H, Qiu L, Li G, Zhang Y, Chen W, Chen S, Zheng Y. Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Late Permian Linxi Formation in the Songliao Basin, China: Tectonic Implications for the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Minerals. 2025; 15(8):784. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080784

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Xin, Haihua Zhang, Liang Qiu, Gongjian Li, Yujin Zhang, Wei Chen, Shuwang Chen, and Yuejuan Zheng. 2025. "Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Late Permian Linxi Formation in the Songliao Basin, China: Tectonic Implications for the Paleo-Asian Ocean" Minerals 15, no. 8: 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080784

APA Style

Huang, X., Zhang, H., Qiu, L., Li, G., Zhang, Y., Chen, W., Chen, S., & Zheng, Y. (2025). Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Late Permian Linxi Formation in the Songliao Basin, China: Tectonic Implications for the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Minerals, 15(8), 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080784

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