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Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/w15132325
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Review

Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance

by
Tryfon Kekes
1,
Constantina Tzia
1 and
Georgios Kolliopoulos
2,*
1
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., Polytechnioupoli, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
2
Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2023, 15(13), 2325; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325
Submission received: 12 May 2023 / Revised: 13 June 2023 / Accepted: 19 June 2023 / Published: 22 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Water Quality and Contamination)
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Abstract

Water is one of the most essential materials for human survival and preservation of life. The significance of equitable access to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation is established as a human right that is essential for the full enjoyment of life. The scope of this review is to record the different water sources, along with the water’s main characteristics of each source, and to compare the existing regulations and legislations regarding drinking water as have been set by the competent organizations. Furthermore, this review will highlight and provide a general insight into the most applied drinking water treatment methods and introduce some novel treatment methods. Moreover, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) requirements and case studies of drinking water treatment plants are presented. Finally, natural mineral water characteristics, treatment methods, and legislation, along with the uses and treatment of water in the food industry, are also discussed.
Keywords: drinking water; natural mineral water; drinking water regulations; drinking water treatment methods and plants; HACCP drinking water; natural mineral water; drinking water regulations; drinking water treatment methods and plants; HACCP

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kekes, T.; Tzia, C.; Kolliopoulos, G. Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance. Water 2023, 15, 2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325

AMA Style

Kekes T, Tzia C, Kolliopoulos G. Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance. Water. 2023; 15(13):2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kekes, Tryfon, Constantina Tzia, and Georgios Kolliopoulos. 2023. "Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance" Water 15, no. 13: 2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325

APA Style

Kekes, T., Tzia, C., & Kolliopoulos, G. (2023). Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance. Water, 15(13), 2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325

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