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Volume 12
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10.3390/w12071927
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Article

Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy)

by
Maria Rosaria Alfio
,
Gabriella Balacco
*,
Alessandro Parisi
,
Vincenzo Totaro
and
Maria Dolores Fidelibus
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2020, 12(7), 1927; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071927
Submission received: 17 May 2020 / Revised: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 / Published: 6 July 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geo-Environmental Approaches for the Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Resources at Catchment-Scale)
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Abstract

Salento peninsula (Southern Italy) hosts a coastal carbonate and karst aquifer. The semi-arid climate is favourable to human settlement and the development of tourism and agricultural activities, which involve high water demand and groundwater exploitation rates, in turn causing groundwater depletion and salinization. In the last decades these issues worsened because of the increased frequency of droughts, which emerges from the analysis of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), calculated during 1949–2011 on the base of monthly precipitation. Groundwater level series and chloride concentrations, collected over the extreme drought period 1989–1990, allow a qualitative assessment of groundwater behaviour, highlighting the concurrent groundwater drought and salinization.
Keywords: drought; precipitation; SPI; groundwater salinization; karst drought; precipitation; SPI; groundwater salinization; karst

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alfio, M.R.; Balacco, G.; Parisi, A.; Totaro, V.; Fidelibus, M.D. Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy). Water 2020, 12, 1927. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071927

AMA Style

Alfio MR, Balacco G, Parisi A, Totaro V, Fidelibus MD. Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy). Water. 2020; 12(7):1927. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071927

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alfio, Maria Rosaria, Gabriella Balacco, Alessandro Parisi, Vincenzo Totaro, and Maria Dolores Fidelibus. 2020. "Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy)" Water 12, no. 7: 1927. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071927

APA Style

Alfio, M. R., Balacco, G., Parisi, A., Totaro, V., & Fidelibus, M. D. (2020). Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy). Water, 12(7), 1927. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12071927

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