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Volume 12
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10.3390/atmos12030334
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Article

Possible Associations between Space Weather and the Incidence of Stroke

by
Jone Vencloviene
1,*,
Ricardas Radisauskas
2,3,
Abdonas Tamosiunas
2,4,
Dalia Luksiene
2,3,
Lolita Sileikiene
2,4,
Egle Milinaviciene
5 and
Daiva Rastenyte
6
1
Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaicio St. 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
2
Laboratory of Population Studies of Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
3
Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
4
Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
5
Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
6
Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2021, 12(3), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030334
Submission received: 14 January 2021 / Revised: 24 February 2021 / Accepted: 1 March 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impacts of Space Weather on Human Health)
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Abstract

The aim of our study was to detect the possible association between daily numbers of ischemic strokes (ISs) and hemorrhagic strokes (HSs) and space weather events. The daily numbers of ISs, subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAHs), and intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) were obtained from Kaunas Stroke Register during the period of 1986 to 2010. We used time- and season-stratified multivariate Poisson regression. We analyzed data of 597 patients with SAH, 1147 patients with ICH, and 7482 patients with IS. Strong/severe geomagnetic storms (GSs) were associated with an increase in the risk of SAH (by 58%) and HS (by 30%). Only GSs occurring during 6:00–12:00 UT were associated with the risk of IS. Low geomagnetic activity (GMA) was associated with the risk of ICH, HS, and IS (Rate Ratios with 95% CI were 2.51 (1.50–4.21), 2.33 (1.50–3.61), and 1.36 (1.03–1.81), respectively). The days of ≥ X9 class solar flare (SF) were associated with a 39% higher risk of IS. The risk of HS occurrence was greater than two times higher on the day after the maximum of a strong/severe solar proton event (SPE). These results showed that GSs, very low GMA, and stronger SFs and SPEs may be associated with an increased risk of different subtypes of stroke.
Keywords: geomagnetic activity; solar flares; solar proton event; ischemic stroke; hemorrhagic stroke geomagnetic activity; solar flares; solar proton event; ischemic stroke; hemorrhagic stroke

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vencloviene, J.; Radisauskas, R.; Tamosiunas, A.; Luksiene, D.; Sileikiene, L.; Milinaviciene, E.; Rastenyte, D. Possible Associations between Space Weather and the Incidence of Stroke. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030334

AMA Style

Vencloviene J, Radisauskas R, Tamosiunas A, Luksiene D, Sileikiene L, Milinaviciene E, Rastenyte D. Possible Associations between Space Weather and the Incidence of Stroke. Atmosphere. 2021; 12(3):334. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030334

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vencloviene, Jone, Ricardas Radisauskas, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Dalia Luksiene, Lolita Sileikiene, Egle Milinaviciene, and Daiva Rastenyte. 2021. "Possible Associations between Space Weather and the Incidence of Stroke" Atmosphere 12, no. 3: 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030334

APA Style

Vencloviene, J., Radisauskas, R., Tamosiunas, A., Luksiene, D., Sileikiene, L., Milinaviciene, E., & Rastenyte, D. (2021). Possible Associations between Space Weather and the Incidence of Stroke. Atmosphere, 12(3), 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030334

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