Ozone Layer Evolution in the Early 20th Century
1
PMOD/WRC, 7260 Davos, Switzerland
2
IAC ETH, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
3
EMPA, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2020, 11(2), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020169
Received: 30 December 2019 / Revised: 27 January 2020 / Accepted: 3 February 2020 / Published: 6 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Evolution in the Past and Future)
The ozone layer is well observed since the 1930s from the ground and, since the 1980s, by satellite-based instruments. The evolution of ozone in the past is important because of its dramatic influence on the biosphere and humans but has not been known for most of the time, except for some measurements of near-surface ozone since the end of the 19th century. This gap can be filled by either modeling or paleo reconstructions. Here, we address ozone layer evolution during the early 20th century. This period was very interesting due to a simultaneous increase in solar and anthropogenic activity, as well as an observed but not explained substantial global warming. For the study, we exploited the chemistry-climate model SOCOL-MPIOM driven by all known anthropogenic and natural forcing agents, as well as their combinations. We obtain a significant global scale increase in the total column ozone by up to 12 Dobson Units and an enhancement of about 20% of the near-surface ozone over the Northern Hemisphere. We conclude that the total column ozone changes during this period were mainly driven by enhanced solar ultra violet (UV) radiation, while near-surface ozone followed the evolution of anthropogenic ozone precursors. This finding can be used to constrain the solar forcing magnitude.
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Keywords:
ozone layer evolution; modeling; climate change; solar forcing; ozone precursors
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MDPI and ACS Style
Egorova, T.; Rozanov, E.; Arsenovic, P.; Sukhodolov, T. Ozone Layer Evolution in the Early 20th Century. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020169
AMA Style
Egorova T, Rozanov E, Arsenovic P, Sukhodolov T. Ozone Layer Evolution in the Early 20th Century. Atmosphere. 2020; 11(2):169. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020169
Chicago/Turabian StyleEgorova, Tatiana; Rozanov, Eugene; Arsenovic, Pavle; Sukhodolov, Timofei. 2020. "Ozone Layer Evolution in the Early 20th Century" Atmosphere 11, no. 2: 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020169
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